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Anti-HSV and Cytotoxicity Properties of Three Different Nanoparticles Derived from Indian Medicinal Plants
Published in P. Mereena Luke, K. R. Dhanya, Didier Rouxel, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Sabu Thomas, Advanced Studies in Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2021
K. Vasanthi, G. Reena, G. Sathyanarayanan, Elanchezhiyan Manickan
Synthesis of gold nanoparticles was done as described previously by Tiwari (2011). Briefly, lyophilized powder of Plant extracts were reconstituted with 1 ml of sterile distilled water and mixed with 0.002 M of chlororauric acid (SRL Cat. No) (HAuCl4) in dark conditions with a preincubation at 90°C. After incubation the color of the solution were turned its color to ruby pink (Figure 13.2) indicates the gold nanoparticle formation. According to Klaus (2001) synthesis of silver Nanoparticles was done. Briefly, lyophilized powder of plant extracts were reconstituted with 1 ml of sterile distilled water and mixed with 20 ml of 10−3 M AgNO3 (SRL Cat. No: Cat. No for (HAuCl4)-12023, Cat. No for (AgNO3) – 94118) (99.99%) aqueous solution and kept at room temperature. After 1 hour the color of the solution were changed from colorless to honey brown (Figure 13.2) indicating the formation of silver nanoparticles and this is confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy and other methods. Synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles (Silver-Gold) were done according to the Pal et al. Briefly, lyophilized powder of plant extracts were reconstituted with 1 ml of sterile distilled water and mixed with equal amount of 10−3 M AgNO3 and 0.002 M of chlororauric acid and incubated at room temperature. After incubation the color of the solution were turned its color in the combination of ruby pink and honey comb color (Figure 13.2).
Recent Advances in the Utilization of Bioengineered Plant-Based Nanoparticles
Published in Richard L. K. Glover, Daniel Nyanganyura, Rofhiwa Bridget Mulaudzi, Maluta Steven Mufamadi, Green Synthesis in Nanomedicine and Human Health, 2021
Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Olugbenga Samuel Michael, Muhammad Akram, Kadiri Oseni, Olerimi Samson E, Osikemekha Anthony Anani, Wilson Nwankwo, Hina Anwar, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Akinola Samson Olayinka
Silver nanoparticles remain one of the most frequently used nanoparticles and have gained popularity in medicine and pharmacological field. They have been found to exhibit bactericidal effect on microorganisms. In a study conducted by Agarwal et al., silver nanoparticles were evaluated against about 26 strains of different standard strains, including drug-sensitive (DS), multidrug-resistant, extensive drug-resistant (XDR) and MOTT strains through BACTEC 460TB radiometric analysis. The results showed the inhibition of all isolates used for this test. Thus, silver nanoparticles from the plant extract of cucmium were found to have a potent anti-mycobacterial effect on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (Agarwal et al., 2013).
Antibacterial, pH Neutralizing, and Remineralizing Fillers in Polymeric Restorative Materials
Published in Mary Anne S. Melo, Designing Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Restorative Dentistry, 2020
Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad, Maria S. Ibrahim, Michael D. Weir, Hockin H.K. Xu
Silver nanoparticles have been used in medicine for centuries due to its unique antibacterial effect and biocompatibility. Silver ions can interact with the cell membrane and DNA confirmation of many bacterial species (Balhaddad et al. 2019b). In restorative dentistry, silver-containing resin composite has demonstrated the ability to reduce the pathogenicity of caries-related pathogens. The incorporation of 0.028% of silver into resin composite was found effective to reduce the S. mutans biofilm by 75%, and decreasing the metabolic activities and lactic acid production of multispecies pathogens isolated from saliva by 50% and 60%, respectively. Increasing the silver weight in different fractions from 0.028% to 0.175% was associated with more bacterial inhibition, but less mechanical properties. The maximum bacterial inhibition with acceptable mechanical properties compared to the control was found with 0.088% of silver in resin composite (Cheng et al. 2012b). Silver ions released from resin composite are also effective in reducing the biofilm of Lactobacillus species, one of the main microorganisms of root caries (Kasraei et al. 2014).
Synthesis and in vivo evaluation of three fluid spray dried hybrid ciprofloxacin microparticles in Sprague Dawley rats
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2023
Dina Dashty Mudher, Heshu Sulaiman Rahman, Sadat Abdulla Aziz, Amanpreet Kaur, Tareq Zeyad Bahjat, Hisham Al-Obaidi
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been the focus of extensive research due to their robust and broad antibacterial activity (Lee and Jun 2019). In addition, silver nanoparticles have been exploited in various biomedical applications, such as delivering anticancer agents, wound healing, dental applications, and implantable medical devices (Kumar et al. 2018). AgNPs have been well recognised for their broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties through targeting microbial DNA, peptides, and enzymes (Alavi and Rai 2019). Various hybrid nanoparticles using AgNPs as the core were prepared to synergise their antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in vitro (Marin et al. 2015), including antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin (CFX) (Al-Obaidi et al. 2018; Liu et al. 2022), rifampicin (Farooq et al. 2019), vancomycin (Kaur et al. 2019), and minocycline (Chen et al. 2019).
Colonizing microbiota protect zebrafish larvae against silver nanoparticle toxicity
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2020
Bregje W. Brinkmann, Bjørn E. V. Koch, Herman P. Spaink, Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver
In this study, we integrate the disciplines of host–microbiota research and nanotoxicology. By combining gnotobiotic techniques with acute toxicity tests, we showed that host-associated microbiota protect zebrafish larvae against particle-specific toxic effects of silver nanoparticles. This protective effect was lost over time, possibly due to the bactericidal effects of silver particles killing protective microbes. Such indirect adverse effects of nanoparticles, in addition to the direct impacts of nanoparticles on the hosts, can be employed in multistressor experimental designs that allow detecting otherwise hidden effects of nanoparticles. The results of our study may also contribute to understanding long-term toxic effects of nanoparticles, since chronic exposure of microbially colonized organisms to low, yet bactericidal concentrations of nanoparticles may enhance their sensitivity to nanoparticles over time. The observed protective effect of colonizing microbiota against silver nanoparticle toxicity moreover suggests that the effects of silver nanoparticles to humans and to the environment may be more severe following pre-exposure to antimicrobial agents. Hence, our results highlight the importance of taking microbiota interactions into account in human and environmental hazard assessment of silver nanoparticles.
Fabrication of silver nanoparticles using Arnebia hispidissima (Lehm.) A. DC. root extract and unravelling their potential biomedical applications
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Shruti Nindawat, Veena Agrawal
Green nanoparticles synthesized using metals such as gold, silver, copper, iron, zinc, titanium, etc. are being used for various biomedical applications such as magnetically responsive drug delivery vehicles, photothermal therapy, contrast enhancing agent for molecular imaging, etc. Among the metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are highly explored as they are easy to synthesize, show tunable photo-physical attributes, good conductivity, chemical stability, catalytic and antimicrobial activity. Silver nanoparticles possess various biological applications including bioimaging, biosensors, gene delivery, catalysis, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer agents [2]. Medicinal plants are known to be of paramount importance attributed to the plethora of phytoconstituents contributing to their great potential for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Bioactive compounds namely terpenoids, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, amino acids, polysaccharides, vitamins, etc. are involved in the bio-reduction of metal ions to synthesize metal nanoparticles. They act as both reducing agents and capping agents helping in the stabilization of synthesized nanoparticles.