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Vestibular Schwannoma
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Mathieu Trudel, Simon K. W. Lloyd
The birth incidence of NF2 in the United Kingdom is estimated at 1 in 33,000 live births. By 60 years of age, almost every NF2 patient will be symptomatic. Bilateral VS are almost pathognomonic in NF2 and 95% of patients will develop bilateral tumours by the age of 30. Schwannomas may also affect other cranial, spinal and peripheral nerves. Approximately 50% of patients have intracranial or spinal meningiomas. Less frequently, they can develop other low-grade intracranial tumours, such as ependymomas. Ophthalmic abnormalities are also frequently encountered (e.g. 60–80% cataracts). Over the years, different clinical diagnostic criteria have been proposed, among which the ‘Revised Manchester criteria’ is the most widely used.
Paper 1
Published in Amanda Rabone, Benedict Thomson, Nicky Dineen, Vincent Helyar, Aidan Shaw, The Final FRCR, 2020
Amanda Rabone, Benedict Thomson, Nicky Dineen, Vincent Helyar, Aidan Shaw
The intradural, extramedullary location raises the possibility of a variety of lesions. One mnemonic to aid memory is ‘MNM’: Meningioma, Nerve sheath tumours, Metastases. The lesion described in the case has typical imaging features of a schwannoma. They are most commonly found in the cervical and lumbar spine and cause neural displacement, bone remodelling and can have a dumbbell appearance.
Adult Ocular and Orbital (Ocular Adnexa) Tumors
Published in Pat Price, Karol Sikora, Treatment of Cancer, 2020
P.N. Plowman, Rachel Lewis, J.L. Hungerford
Peripheral nerve tumors are mostly neurofibromas. The majority of orbital neurofibromas in adults are solitary and not associated with neurofibromatosis. Recurrence after surgical excision is unusual. Schwannomas are much less common and are encapsulated tumors that rarely recur after surgical excision. Those arising in neurofibromatosis 1 may respond to the MEK inhibitor: selumetinib.
Diagnostic Dilemma of Retroperitoneal Schwannomas Encountered in a Specialized Gynecology Hospital
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2022
Chunbo Li, Luopei Guo, Keqin Hua
Primary surgery for gynecologic mass was planned, but intraoperatively, a mass was located in retroperitoneal region. As in our case, most of the RSs were located in the presacral space, which were far away from pelvic organs. The intraoperative biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of benign schwannoma. Complete surgical resection of the tumor can effectively avoid tumor recurrence, but conservative surgery is acceptable to avoid damaging surrounding neurovascular structures. In our hospital, 13 patients with RSs were operated by gynecologists. However, the surgical procedures in 9 patients were completed by general surgeons or neurosurgeons because of the larger extending into the sacral nerve root or adherence to common or internal ilicac vein. Of the 45 patients, complete resection was achieved in 37 patients and 8 patients with RSs underwent subtotal resection. Immunohistochemical staining showed a predominantly positive result for S-100 in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. There was no operative death. After surgery, patients in our hospital did not complain the discomfort of low limns and there was no recurrence so far.
Accelerated growth of orbital schwannomas during pregnancy does not correlate with sex hormone- or growth factor receptor status
Published in Orbit, 2021
G. J. Hötte, N. Meijer, R. M. Verdijk, D. Paridaens
Most orbital schwannomas originate from the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve and are commonly located in the superior orbit due to the nerve distribution pattern.2,3 It presents unilaterally, although there has been one report of bilateral orbital schwannoma.4 When small they are asymptomatic, but usually tend to grow over months to years, causing a slowly progressive exophthalmos and inferior displacement.3,5 Other clinical symptoms are also aspecific and include diplopia and motility disorders, visual loss, scotomas and eyelid swelling.3 Although they are usually painless, a deep, dull pain or sensibility disorder may occur in the distribution of the affected nerve.3 Schwannomas are predominantly benign, and reported cases of malignant transformation are controversial.5 Also, intracranial extension, most commonly through the superior orbital fissure, can occur.2
Laparoscopic nephrectomy for giant benign renal schwannoma: a case report and review of literature
Published in The Aging Male, 2020
Chao Wang, Wuyue Gao, Sun Wei, Wu Ligao, Liu Beibei, Liu Jianmin, Yang Xiaohuai, Guo Yuanyuan
Schwannoma, also known as neurilemmoma, is an uncommon peripheral nerve tumor originated in Schwann cells. Most schwannomas are benign and locate in different regions of the body, including head, neck, limbs, skull and so on. However, renal or retroperitoneal schwannoma is rarely found, which accounts for only 1–3% of schwannomas and 1% retroperitoneal tumors cases [1]. Preoperative diagnosis is very difficult because of lacking characteristic presentations on symptoms, physical and imagological examination. Tumor excision and postoperative pathological examination are essential to diagnose schwannomas. Here, we report a rare case of giant and complicated renal schwannoma, which was treated successfully by laparoscopic nephrectomy, meanwhile, we present a review of relative literation.