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Nucleic Acids as Therapeutic Targets and Agents
Published in David E. Thurston, Ilona Pysz, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, 2021
Mechlorethamine is best known as a component of the “MOPP” combination regimen still used in some countries to treat Hodgkin’s disease. The acronym is derived from the component agents: MustargenTM (mechlorethamine), OncovinTM (vincristine), Procarbazine, and Prednisone. This treatment is usually administered in four-week cycles, often for six cycles. MOPP was developed at the National Cancer Institute in the 1960s and was the first combination chemotherapy to achieve a high success rate in the clinic. Although no longer the most effective combination of agents, MOPP is still used in some countries after patients have relapsed on other regimens and therapies, or when a patient has certain allergies, or lung or heart problems, which prevent the use of alternative therapies. A topical formulation of chlormethine in the form of a gel (LedagaTM) is approved in the UK and US for the treatment of mycosis fungoides (also known as Alibert-Bazin syndrome or granuloma fungoides), the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. This cancer normally affects the skin but can progress internally over time.
Pediatric Oncology
Published in Pat Price, Karol Sikora, Treatment of Cancer, 2020
Stephen Lowis, Rachel Cox, John Moppett, Helen Rees
Chemotherapy improves OS, and reduces radiation-associated sequelae, but the early combination mechlorethamine, VCR, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) had other long-term sequelae.26,27 Reduction in the overall dose of RT is possible with reduction in good responders to chemotherapy.21,28
Haematology
Published in Paul Bentley, Ben Lovell, Memorizing Medicine, 2019
Cytotoxics: MOPP (mustine, vincristine [Oncovin], procarbazine, prednisolone): : Infertility; AML, solid tumourABVD (doxorubicin [Adriamycin], bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine): : Cardiomyopathy; pulmo. fibrosis
Patterns of relapse and long-term outcome in patients treated with a curative intent for advanced Hodgkin lymphoma
Published in Acta Oncologica, 2022
Karin Nielsen, Maja Vestmoe Maraldo, Anne Kiil Berthelsen, Annika Loft, Peter de Nully Brown, Ivan Richter Vogelius, Peter Meidahl Petersen, Lena Specht
Radiotherapy for patients with AHL remains controversial. Restricting consolidation radiotherapy to patients with residual masses/PET positive masses after effective chemotherapy seems efficient [2,18,22–24]. In the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) H34 study [1], involved field radiotherapy (IFRT) to all initial disease did not improve outcome in patients who achieved CR (evaluated on CT-scan) after MOPP-ABV chemotherapy (mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone, doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine). However, all patients with a partial response (PR) after chemotherapy received IFRT and had outcomes similar to patients in CR. This was interpreted as an indirect indication of benefit from radiotherapy to residual masses. The EORTC H34 also demonstrated that non-irradiated patients most often relapsed in initially involved sites. A subsequent relapse analysis in patients with PR who received IFRT [22] demonstrated that most patients had only one nodal area with residual disease, suggesting that radiotherapy for lymphoma remnants only could be relevant. However, these patients were not evaluated with PET scans. Our results demonstrate that a residual mass on CT scan did not indicate a preferential site of relapse.
Comparison of Choroidal Vascularity Index in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma, Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome, and Healthy Controls
Published in Current Eye Research, 2022
Alev Ozcelik Kose, Serhat Imamoglu, Sevcan Balci, Nursal Melda Yenerel
All participants underwent BCVA test [Snellen chart was converted into log MAR (logarithm of the reciprocal of the minimal angle of resolution) scale], slit-lamp examination, gonioscopy, IOP measurement using a Goldmann applanation tonometer (Haag-Streit, Bern, Switzerland), axial length (AL) measurement (IOL Master, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA), CCT measurement using a pachymeter (Pachymetry, Canon, Tokyo, Japan), standard automatized perimetry with a 24–2 SITA (Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm)-fast program (Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer 3, Carl Zeiss Inc., Dublin, CA), bilateral dilated fundus examination and OCT scanning (Spectralis®, Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany). The mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP) was calculated as follows: 2/3 [(diastolic blood pressure + 1/3 (systolic blood pressure–diastolic blood pressure)] – IOP.
Hodgkin lymphoma involving extranodal sites in head and neck: report of twenty-nine cases and review of three-hundred and fifty-seven cases
Published in Hematology, 2021
Saad Akhtar, Yassir Khafaga, Wael Edesa, Mustafa Al-Mubarak, M. Shahzad Rauf, Irfan Maghfoor
Appendix 1 provides comprehensive patients’ treatment and outcomes. Many large reports discussed only the pathological characteristics of this entity. Treatment details are available for only 233 (65%) patients, with accurate staging in 180 out of 233 patients. A total of 165 (46%) patients received RT; sole management after surgical resection/biopsy in 79 (22%) patients and another 86 (24%) with chemotherapy. Out of 137 (38%) patients who received some type of chemotherapy, details are available for only 90 (25%) patients. ABVD was the most commonly reported chemotherapy, used in 53 (15%) patients, ABVD/ABV in combination with MOPP or COPP in 10 patients, MOPP alone in 12, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, prednisone (CHOP) or CHOP-like in 6 patients and other combinations occasionally.