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Published in Ashfaq A Marghoob, Ralph Braun, Natalia Jaimes, Atlas of Dermoscopy, 2023
Amélie Boespflug, Félix Pham, Ralph P. Braun, Luc Thomas
A structureless purple to blue spot observed through the nail plate is associated with one of two conditions: The presence of a blue nevus of the nail unit or a glomus cell tumor. In the latter, the pressure of the dermo scope on the nail plate can trigger the characteristic “electric” pain associated with this neoplasm. There are three well-described clinical tests that can help diagnose glomus tumors:Love's test: This test is considered suggestive of the presence of a glomus tumor if the pressure applied using the head of a pin or the tip of a paperclip reproduces pain on the affected fingertip. This test can also help locate the tumor.Hildreth's test: This test is considered suggestive of the presence of a glomus tumor if the tenderness observed during the Love's test disappears when the physician applies a tourniquet to the digit involved.The cold sensitivity test requires that the physician expose the finger to cold by, say, placing the finger in an ice bath. This exposure will elicit increased pain in a patient who has a glomus tumor.
Tumors of the Nervous System
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Other tumors/masses of the cerebellopontine angle: Meningioma.Trigeminal schwannoma.Cholesteatoma.Epidermoid cyst.Glomus tumor.Chordoma.Choroid plexus papilloma.
Benign tumors
Published in Archana Singal, Shekhar Neema, Piyush Kumar, Nail Disorders, 2019
Angioleiomyoma of the nail was described more than 130 years ago. More cases were reported,196 of which several were mistaken for glomus tumor because they were painful.197,198 Depending on their localization within the nail apparatus, angioleiomyomas of the nail may elevate the nail plate, appear as a small nodule at the tip of the digit just under the hyponychium or distort the nail.
Extradigital glomus tumor of the anterior knee
Published in Case Reports in Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2020
A glomus tumor is a benign lesion arising from the glomus body which usually presents in the distal upper or lower extremities of young adults. They have a predilection for the subungual region of fingers, corresponding to one of the densest collections of glomus bodies. Although the hand is commonly affected, cutaneous lesions can occur at other sites, and extracutaneous glomus tumors have been reported in the gastrointestinal tract, bone, mediastinum, trachea, mesentery, cervix, and vagina among other disparate anatomic sites [1,3]. In the subungual location, they are more common in women whereas extradigital glomus tumors are more common in men 4:1 [1]. The tumor is generally a 5 mm red-bluish macule found within the nail bed [4]. In extradigital locations, the glomus tumor is a similarly-pigmented nodule and typically less than 2 cm in diameter. Overall these are rare tumors, and account for between 1 and 5% of upper extremity neoplasms, 75% of which occur in the hand and 50% in a subungual location [5]. Though most commonly thought of as idiopathic some studies suggest an association with trauma or injury to the area prior to the onset of symptoms [1].
Solitary subungual neurofibroma with glomus tumor-like appearance: a case report
Published in Case Reports in Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2020
Rui Suzuki, Hiroyuki Hashimoto, Osamu Okamoto
A clinical diagnosis of solitary subungual neurofibroma before histological examination of the tumor is difficult because it is rare and does not usually demonstrate pathognomonic symptoms [5]. The present patient was considered to be a case of glomus tumor because of the subungual preponderance of the tumor [6]. However, because the lesion was painless, the tentative diagnosis was suspicious. Among the past reports, only two of the ten patients presented obvious pain [4,7]. Furthermore, glomus tumor causes nail plate deformity similar to that observed in the present case; therefore, it is difficult to differentially diagnose glomus tumor with subungual neurofibroma. Three previously reported cases showed thickening and elevation of the nail plate [4,8,9], while nail dystrophy was reported in five cases [3,4,7,10], including the present case. Only one case had no nail plate deformity [5]. MRI findings of normal intensity in T1-weighed image, high intensity in T2-weighed image and presence of intra-tumoral flow void were indicative of both neurofibroma and glomus tumor. Thus, differential diagnosis of these tumors by medical imaging techniques is difficult. A promising feature that supports a diagnosis of glomus tumor is the classical triad of the following symptoms: temperature sensitivity, pain and localized tenderness in the finger [6]. The absence of the pain in the present case would have completed the classic triad of glomus tumor and made diagnosis extremely reliable. We reported a case of rare solitary subungual neurofibroma with a differential diagnosis of glomus tumor. The presence or absence of the pain would be a reliable differentiator of these tumors.
Suprascapular glomus tumor: an unusual cause of chronic shoulder pain
Published in Case Reports in Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2022
Theodoros Floros, Konstantinos Perivoliotis, Athina Samara, Aikaterini Tsionga, Maria Ioannou, Ioannis Baloyiannis, Konstantinos Tepetes
An excisional biopsy, with wide resection margins was performed, revealing a tumor of a size about 1.6 × 1 × 0.6 cm. The histopathologic examination a revealed a circumscribed mass consisting of uniform cells in haematoxylin eosin stain (Figure 1). A negative resection margin was confirmed. The tumor cells had centrally placed nuclei and were arranged in perivascular nests. A marked hyalinization was identified in the tumoral vessel walls (Figure 2). Immunostaining for smooth muscle actin (SMA), vimentin and caldesmon was strongly positive, whereas a negative result for CKAE1/AE3, S100 and MELANA was noted. Positive CD34 loci were also identified. Based on these, the diagnosis of a glomus tumor was confirmed (Figure 3).