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Ocular Melanoma Associated with the Familial Atypical Multiple Mole Melanoma (FAMMM) Syndrome
Published in Henry T. Lynch, Ramon M. Fusaro, Hereditary Malignant Melanoma, 2019
Jendo A. Oosterhuis, Loe N. Went, Wilma Bergman
A 72-year-old woman had a primary melanoma of the periorbital skin on her right side, primary acquired melanosis of the conjunctiva, and a pigmented tumor of the choroid. Clinically, the latter showed the characteristics of a benign choroidal nevus: it was 2 mm in diameter and 0.3 mm in thickness and had not produced a visual field defect. Although histology of the choroidal tumor was reported to reveal a melanoma, a review by Bellet et al.,5 of the published micrographs, suggested that the tumor would be classified as a choroidal nevus according to histologic criteria of MacLean et al.29 However, apart from spindle A cells which comprised the bulk of the tumor, spindle B cells also were found. It is of interest that the patient’s brother had his right eye enucleated 9 years previously because of the presence of a malignant choroidal melanoma.
Eye Tumors
Published in Dongyou Liu, Tumors and Cancers, 2017
Intraocular tumors consist of those affecting children and those affecting adults. Those affecting children include retinal tumor (retinoblastoma), iris and ciliary body lesions (medulloepithelioma), choroidal and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) lesions (congenital hypertrophy of the RPE, combined hamartoma of the retina and RPE, and congenital melanocytosis), and other benign tumors. Tumors affecting adults include choroidal and RPE lesions (choroidal nevus, and choroidal melanoma), iris and ciliary body lesions (Fuchs adenoma, iris nevus, ciliary body nevus, iris melanoma, and ciliary body melanoma), lymphoma, and metastatic disease to the choroid. Finally, vascular tumors affect both children and adults (retinal capillary hemangioma, retinal cavernous hemangioma, and choroidal hemangioma) [1].
Retinal Vascular Patterns and Capillary Plexus Reflectivity of Intraocular Tumors; an Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study
Published in Current Eye Research, 2022
Busenur Gönen, Mustafa Hepokur, Ümit Yaşar Güleser, Hüseyin Yetik, Ahmet Murat Sarıcı
OCTA images of 32 patients in the choroidal nevus group were evaluated. Twenty-seven (84.4%) of the nevi were untreated, and PDT was previously applied to five (15.6%) of them. The vascular structures were normal at the level of the SCP and DCP layers in all cases of the choroidal nevus. In 23 (71.9%) of the nevi, at the level of the choriocapillaris layer, the capillary structures in the lesions did not differ from the surrounding choriocapillaris. A vascular network compatible with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) was defined in seven (21.9%) cases. All PDT-treated eyes were in the CNV-related group. In two (6.2%) of the nevi, circular avascular zones were present within the lesions. The choriocapillaris plexus of 20 (62.5%) lesions were isoreflective and all of them were in the group whose vascular structures were not different. The plexus were hyperreflective in five (15.6%) nevi. In seven (21.9%) nevi, the plexuses were mainly hyperreflective but the areas on projection images of the drusen and CNV-related subretinal fluid were hyporeflective. In the en-face images of the choriocapillaris layer, 25 (78.1%) of the nevi had hyperreflectivity. Seven (21.9%) nevi had heterogeneous reflectivity where CNV regions were more hyperreflective and drusen/fluid projections were hyporeflective (Table 2). Figure 3 shows three different choroidal nevi and their choriocapillaris structures and reflectivities.
OCT Imaging in Infants
Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2022
Sushma Jayanna, Subhadra Jalali, Tapas R Padhi, Komal Agarwal, Jay Chhablani
Choroidal nevus is rarely reported in infants, earliest at 2 months.43 It is benign, minimally elevated pigmented lesion usually involves post-equatorial region. Rarely, it involves fovea and hence is asymptomatic most of the time.43,44 It can transform into melanoma if the size of the presenting lesion is >2 mm, with overlying orange pigment, subretinal fluid, acoustic hollowness and absence of halo on ultrasound, <3 mm distance from disc margin and if it gets symptomatic.45OCT helps in detecting subtle nevus which can be missed by ultrasonography. It shows elevated choroidal mass with shadowing of deeper layers. Overlying thinned out choriocapillaris layer, RPE atrophic changes, and photoreceptor layer disruption with retinal cysts can be noted in long-standing cases. OCT helps in diagnosing early signs of activity like subretinal fluid and increasing size of lesions.44
Ural Eye and Medical Study: description of study design and methodology
Published in Ophthalmic Epidemiology, 2018
Mukharram Bikbov, Rinat R Fayzrakhmanov, Gyulli Kazakbaeva, Jost B Jonas
A choroidal nevus was defined as a pigmented choroidal lesion of at least 500 μm in diameter and of a slate blue or green gray color. A hypomelanotic or amelonotic nevus was a choroidal lesion resembling a nevus but being partly or mostly de-pigmented. The same definition has been used in other previous population-based studies such as the Blue Mountains Eye Study.56