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Potential of Fenugreek in Management of Kidney and Lung Disorders
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Prasad Thakurdesai, Fenugreek, 2022
Amit D. Kandhare, Anwesha A. Mukherjee-Kandhare, Subhash L. Bodhankar
Renal toxicity can be associated with exposure to many chemicals or pesticides (Scammell et al. 2019; Valcke et al. 2017). Aluminum is one of the metals widely distributed in the environment and routinely used in daily life. It is also utilized for the purification of drinking water. However, an overdose of aluminum may lead to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elevated oxidative stress, damaging renal tubular cells (Al Dera 2016). Similarly, sodium nitrite, widely used as a food preservative, is reported to induce oxidative stress, which causes DNA damage in kidney tissue (Uslu, Uslu, and Adalı 2019). Additionally, chronic exposure to various pesticides such as cypermethrin, paraquat dichloride, and captan are also documented to induce nephrotoxicity via elevated ROS in renal tissue (Sushma and Devasena 2010).
Diagnosis and Treatment Model of the COVID-19 Rehabilitation Unit
Published in Wenguang Xia, Xiaolin Huang, Rehabilitation from COVID-19, 2021
On the basis of the implementation of standard prevention, measures such as contact isolation, droplet isolation, and air isolation are adopted. The visitation system is strictly prohibited, and escorts are not allowed. Air purification is required in accordance with the Air Purification Management Regulations.
Commercial Scale Manufacturing of Oligonucleotides Under Good Manufacturing Practices
Published in Eric Wickstrom, Clinical Trials of Genetic Therapy with Antisense DNA and DNA Vectors, 2020
Jose E. Gonzalez, Richard G. Einig, Patricia Puma, Timothy P. Noonan, Paul E. Kennedy, Bruce G. Sturgeon, Bing H. Wang, Jin-yan Tang
Prevention of microbial contamination is particularly important during the water-based purification stage of production. Control of the water systems to the quality specified by the USP for use in production of drug substances requires an extensive monitoring program with realistic Alert and Action limits. In-process microbial load testing may be needed to monitor levels at those steps in the process that are vulnerable to microbial growth. There is a regulatory guidance (FDA, 1994) concerning control of endotoxins in drug substances intended for parenteral use. The endotoxin level measured in the substance is reported on the Certificate of Analysis.
Rapid isolation of mature murine primary megakaryocytes by size exclusion via filtration
Published in Platelets, 2023
Markus Spindler, Kristina Mott, Harald Schulze, Markus Bender
The enrichment of MK specific proteins in the MK fraction was additionally corroborated by immunoblotting. Conversely, the neutrophil marker Ly6G was undetectable in the MK fraction, which is in line with our flow cytometry data (Figure 4A). We confirmed our immunoblot expression results by quantification of Tubb1, Itga2b and Ly6g mRNA levels (Figure 4B) emphasizing that this method is a suitable alternative to MACS and FASC for enrichment of (especially) mature MKs. In summary, our data demonstrate that MKs isolated by the filter method outlined in this Technical Report have the morphological, transcriptional and translational features of native MKs in the BM. Therefore, we suggest that this purification method may be useful for numerous purposes, which might eliminate the shortcomings encountered so far.
Interplay of heavy chain introns influences efficient transcript splicing and affects product quality of recombinant biotherapeutic antibodies from CHO cells
Published in mAbs, 2023
Emma Kelsall, Claire Harris, Titash Sen, Diane Hatton, Sarah Dunn, Suzanne Gibson
The inclusion of introns in expression constructs for therapeutic protein production is a strategy often used to improve the expression of the transgenes7 and to enable rapid molecular cloning of different domains such as mAb variable domains.24 However, the presence of introns in transcripts encoding recombinant proteins can be problematic if they are not correctly removed by the splicing machinery or if a cryptic splice site is used. Usually, only low levels of these transcript variants are produced compared to the correctly processed transcript. However, the corresponding contaminating product variants can be difficult to remove by purification and can cause potential safety concerns in terms of their impact on potency, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity. Therefore, it is important to minimize the occurrence of these transcript variants to ensure the high quality of therapeutic protein products.
Virus-like particle-based nanocarriers as an emerging platform for drug delivery
Published in Journal of Drug Targeting, 2023
Bingchuan Yuan, Yang Liu, Meilin Lv, Yilei Sui, Shenghua Hou, Tinghui Yang, Zakia Belhadj, Yulong Zhou, Naidan Chang, Yachao Ren, Changhao Sun
To produce VLPs for clinical use, purification is required. The main purpose of purification is to remove host cell proteins and process-derived impurities from the VLP concentrate [129]. Super-centrifugal purification methods in sucrose or CsCl gradients are usually sufficient to obtain suitable VLPs for subsequent application, especially on a laboratory-scale or using small-scale processes. Hillebrandt et al. reported a new purification method known as crossflow filtration [143]. The application of a super-centrifugal method is limited in industrial production because of the risk of VLP aggregation, high labour intensity and the lack of scalability [138]. Therefore, it is necessary to purify VLPs using special chromatography techniques rather than super-centrifugation. Depending on the VLP properties, different ion exchange-, affinity- and size-exclusion columns can be used for purification. Diafiltration and tangential flow filtration are also used to scale up VLP production.