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Order Nidovirales
Published in Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier, Virus-Like Particles, 2022
Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier
A bit earlier, Wang W et al. (2012) engineered the first chimeric PRRSV VLPs as a putative vaccine candidate. The VLPs were composed of the matrix protein M1 from H1N1 influenza virus and a fusion protein, denoted as NA/GP5, containing the cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains of the H1N1 virus neuraminidase (NA) and PRRSV GP5 protein. The NA/GP5 fusion was incorporated efficiently into the chimeric VLPs along with the influenza virus M1 protein.
Psychological issues in pregnancy loss
Published in Janetta Bensouilah, Pregnancy Loss, 2021
Philippa, a paediatric nurse, started bleeding heavily 5 days after discovering that she was pregnant. Highly anxious and concerned about the amount of bleeding, she visited her GP 5 days later, when the bleeding was still continuing. She was sent home after being told that she was ‘just having a late period’ and that it was too early to really view what was happening to her as a miscarriage and the bleeding was a normal period. She recounted this to me 4 years after the event and her anger was still very palpable. Despite knowing that medically her experience was common, and not that interesting or important, her GP’s dismissal of her and her loss added to her distress.
Management of Diabetic Gastroparesis
Published in Emmanuel C. Opara, Sam Dagogo-Jack, Nutrition and Diabetes, 2019
Kenneth L. Koch, Khalil N. Bitar
The prevalence of GP in DM varies widely depending on the medical setting. In tertiary centers, up to 40% of patients with T1DM have GP [5]. On the other hand, surveys in Olmsted County, Minnesota, indicated the GP prevalence was 5% in T1DM and 1% in T2DM [6]. An analysis of more than 40 million electronic medical records indicated the prevalence of diabetic GP is less than 5% [7]. Thus, GP in diabetes may not be so common, but it has a large negative impact on the lifestyle of afflicted patients and increases very intensively the use of hospital resources by these patients. In a recent study of a community-based cohort of 1,142 subjects with T2DM, almost 6% of European Americans and 7% of African Americans had moderate to severe symptoms associated with GP [8]. Compared with T2DM, T1DM patients with GP are younger and thinner, and tend to have more severe delays in gastric emptying [9]. Although good control of glycemia prevents or delays many of the chronic complications of T1DM [10], the effect of good glucose control on the onset or progression of GP in DM is unknown. Mortality is increased in diabetic patients when they develop GP and is usually related to cardiovascular events.
Research progress in the development of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus as a viral vector for foreign gene expression and delivery
Published in Expert Review of Vaccines, 2020
Guo Dai, Mei Huang, To Sing Fung, Ding Xiang Liu
ORF2a, ORF2b, ORFs3–7 and the recently discovered ORF5a encode the structural proteins GP2, E, GP3, GP4, GP5, the matrix protein (M), the nucleocapsid protein (N) and GP5a, respectively, which all constitute the PRRSV virion [12]. GP2, GP3 and GP4, as minor envelope proteins, are reported to interact with each other to form a heterotrimer along with E, which is responsible for the viral infectivity and receptor binding [10,13]. The non-glycosylated E protein is required for viral uncoating, presumably due to its ion channel properties [10,13]. The non-glycosylated envelope protein GP5a may be required for virus viability, but its function needs further study [14]. GP5, as the major glycosylated and most variable envelope protein, acts as a key target for PRRSV neutralizing antibodies [15,16]. M protein, as the non-glycosylated and most highly conserved membrane protein, interacts with GP5 to form heterodimers in the virus particles, plays a significant role in virus attachment and assembly, and is indispensable for viral particle formation [14,17–19]. N protein is the most abundant protein in the PRRSV virion and interacts with the viral RNA to form the nucleocapsid [20].
Glycoprotein V : the unsolved GPV puzzle
Published in Platelets, 2022
Quentin Kimmerlin, Sylvie Moog, Catherine Ravanat, Catherine Strassel, François Lanza
Several polymorphic sites have been identified in the GP5 gene. Four of these polymorphisms involve amino acid changes (Asp114Tyr, Met273Ile, Gly341Arg and Leu397Arg) [24]. The fact that they do not appear to impede expression of the glycoprotein would point to their possible involvement in the generation of platelet alloantibodies. This hypothesis is supported by the observation that polytransfused patients often present sera reacting with platelet GPV [25] (Table I).
Increased knowledge makes a difference! – general practitioners’ experiences of pictorial information about subclinical atherosclerosis for primary prevention: an interview study from the VIPVIZA trial
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 2021
Anna Bengtsson, Kristina Lindvall, Margareta Norberg, Eva Fhärm
I ask, what information have you got from the study? Then I do not have to fantasize what to say, I get exact information from the patient. Then I give feedback to the patient. It is easier to give feedback than starting from scratch. It is something different compared to when beginning with patients that you have to motivate to change (GP5)