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Neck
Published in Robin Lewallen, Adele Clark, Steven R. Feldman, Clinical Handbook of Contact Dermatitis, 2014
Monica Huynh, Michael P. Sheehan, Michael Chung, Matthew Zirwas, Steven R. Feldman
Musical instruments can also be considered under personal articles known to cause contact dermatitis affecting the neck. A rash on the left side of the anterior neck ( just below the angle of the jaw) in an individual who plays the violin or viola is very suggestive of an allergy to something in the string instrument. This has led to the term “fiddler’s neck” being used to describe such presentations (Figure 6.5). These affected individuals often have an allergy to the exotic woods, metal components, or varnishes on the chin rest.7,9,10
Occupational ergonomic assessment of hand pain symptoms among Bagh hand block print artisans of the handicraft textile industry in Madhya Pradesh, India
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
Rajat Kamble, Avinash Sahu, Sangeeta Pandit
Ergonomic study in the handicraft sectors has reported high risk of development of WRMSDs [3], where artisans face different symptoms such as backache and pain in the joints and lower abdomen. The reasons being unnatural work postures, use of hazardous chemicals, unsafe working practices and long working hours, WRMSDs, sometimes called CTDs, are known to affect muscles, tendons, ligaments and joint cartilage [4]. Many researchers in their study have mentioned that WRMSDs of the upper limbs, i.e., elbow and hand/wrist, results from the combination of repetition, force, posture and vibration [3,5–9]. It is evident that the problems caused by these injuries are on the increase [6]. Performing repetitive mechanical tasks involving forceful operation results in suffering from CTDs [6]. Many studies on occupational disorders have also found that exposure to chemicals [10] and repetitive mechanical trauma such as forceful exertion and physical friction can lead to irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) on the exposed skin areas [11–13]. An existing study on artisans of the Bagh hand block printing industry found evidence of the formation of ICD due to repeated mechanical trauma in two forms, frictional hand dermatitis (FHD) and hyperkeratotic hand dermatitis (HHD) [12]. These effects of mechanical trauma can be found to be chronic and debilitating. These chronic effects of mechanical trauma (CEMT) to the skin occur in different forms, with varying skin effects. Depending on this, the skin may respond in specific ways. Noticed symptoms could be identified as lichenification, hyperpigmentation, scars and keloids, hyperkeratosis/calluses, pressure urticaria, fissuring and blistering/friction injury [13]. In his research, Kligman [14] states that the literature on repeated mechanical trauma is so silent and sparse as it is difficult to identify or characterize the problems of ICD. Barber’s sinus and Fiddler’s neck are a few defined occupational traumas, many of which go unrecognized, and all of these occupational traumas are mostly assumed to be inevitable and a badge of the trade [14]. Other research has also found ICD to be least understood due to its multiple types and lack of reports of the same, more particularly in the area of physical irritant contact dermatitis (PICD) such as FHD and HHD [12,15]. Although there are some ICD and CEMT studies in the industrial sector [11–13,15], very few studies are found in the handicraft sector [16]. The handicraft sector is one of the largest employment generators and accounts for a significant share in the country’s exports, thus being very important to Indian economy. The Indian handicraft industry is spread throughout the country, with more than 7,000,000 regional artisans and more than 67,000 exporters/export houses promoting regional art and craftsmanship in the domestic and global markets [17]. The importance of handicraft items lies with quality production and depends on precision tasks and high levels of concentration which deteriorate with health problems and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Ergonomic study is the need of the hour with commercialization of the hand block printing industry.