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Measuring and assessing growth
Published in Judy More, Infant, Child and Adolescent Nutrition, 2021
The birth weight reflects fetal growth, which is dependent on prenatal nutrition and also any growth restriction or acceleration within the womb. For example, intrauterine growth restriction may occur if the mother is very small in stature, or growth acceleration may occur in fetuses of mothers with diabetes, possibly due to extra insulin produced in response to the hyperglycaemia of the mother and the high glucose level in cord blood.
Nutraceuticals and Brain Disorders
Published in Debarshi Kar Mahapatra, Cristóbal Noé Aguilar, A. K. Haghi, Applied Pharmaceutical Practice and Nutraceuticals, 2021
Akshada Atul Bakliwal, Vijay Sharadkumar Chudiwal, Swati Gokul Talele
Preconception and prenatal nutrition are basic for fetal mental health. Be that as it may, its relationship with posterity neurodevelopmental issue is not surely known. This investigation intends to methodically audit the relationship of assumption and prebirth sustenance with posterity danger of neurodevelopmental issue. Neurodevelopmental results included mental imbalance range issue (ASD), a lack of ability to concentrate consistently issue hyperactivity (ADHD) and scholarly inabilities. A sum of 2169 articles was screened, and 20 articles on ASD and 17 on ADHD were in the long run inspected. We found a general backward relationship between maternal folic corrosive or multivitamin supplementation and youngsters’ danger of ASD; a meta-examination including six forthcoming accomplice studies assessed a recurrence risk (RR) of ASD of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.46, 0.90). Information on relationship of other dietary elements and ASD, ADHD, and related results were uncertain and warrant future examination. Future investigations should incorporate thorough and increasingly target strategies to measure the healthful exposures and investigate elective examination plan, for example, Mendelian randomization to assess potential causal impacts.37–40
Fetal Exposure to Mother’s Distress
Published in Rosa Maria Quatraro, Pietro Grussu, Handbook of Perinatal Clinical Psychology, 2020
Catherine Monk, Sophie Foss, Preeya Desai, Vivette Glover
With all these outcomes, maternal prenatal stress, anxiety, and depression only increase risk; they do not definitely predict poor outcomes. It is one of many exposures shaping children’s future lives, e.g., maternal prenatal nutrition, environmental pollution. Most children are not affected, and those who are, are affected in different ways. Some of the differences in outcomes may lie in differences in postnatal care. The effects of postnatal depression can be additive with those of prenatal (O’Donnell et al., 2014) or ameliorative: secure mother-infant attachment can buffer against some of the prenatal effects (Bergman et al., 2010), while insecure attachment can exacerbate others (Bergman et al., 2008).
Early nutritional influences of cardiovascular health
Published in Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 2021
Diana Drogalis-Kim, Ira Cheifetz, Nathaniel Robbins
CVD is not solely an adult issue anymore, in part secondary to the obesity epidemic. Since 1980, the prevalence of obesity has nearly doubled in over 70 countries. More than two-thirds of deaths related to obesity were due to CVD. Childhood obesity rates have also increased at an alarming rate [7] and are a known risk factor for development of adult CVD [8]. Subclinical CVD, including atherosclerotic changes, has been demonstrated as early as adolescence on autopsy studies [9–11]. Fortunately, nutrition is a modifiable risk factor. Healthy food preferences modeled to children at a young age have been shown to be carried through to adulthood [12–14], which may lead to improved health outcomes. There is also a growing body of literature to support the importance of adequate and healthy prenatal nutrition as it relates to the development of chronic non-communicable disease later in life. Limited or inadequate prenatal nutrition has also been linked to future CVD [1,15–17].
Physician Communication and Perceived Stigma in Prenatal Cannabis Use
Published in Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 2023
Sarah Daniels, Michelle St. Pierre, Tatiana Sanchez, Zach Walsh
Although there is a high prevalence of cannabis use during pregnancy, evidence regarding the effects of prenatal cannabis exposure remains equivocal. Whereas some studies have reported differences in birth weight, head circumference, fetal development, neurodevelopment and other outcomes associated with sustained heavy prenatal use, other studies have characterized PCU as benign and attribute putative negative effects to other confounding variables such as poor prenatal nutrition, folate deficiency, and tobacco use, all of which co-occur at significantly higher rates in conjunction with PCU and are not appropriately controlled for in extant studies (Conner et al. 2016; Fergusson, Horwood, and Northstone 2002; Gray et al. 2010; Huizink 2014; Schlotz et al. 2010).