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Epilepsy
Published in Ibrahim Natalwala, Ammar Natalwala, E Glucksman, MCQs in Neurology and Neurosurgery for Medical Students, 2022
Ibrahim Natalwala, Ammar Natalwala, E Glucksman
v – Rolandic epilepsy. This accounts for approximately 15% of epilepsy in children, mostly affecting children aged 6–8 years. The seizures start around the somato-motor area of the brain (also known as the Rolandic area) just anterior to the central sulcus of the brain. For this reason, patients can experience unilateral facial symptoms, oropharyngolaryngeal symptoms such as numbness and tingling inside the mouth, anarthria (inability to talk) and hypersalivation.
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Published in Samar Razaq, Difficult Cases in Primary Care, 2021
Benign rolandic epilepsy is among the commonest types of epilepsy in children. The child usually presents with the described abnormal neurology upon waking. The speech can be affected if seizure activity affects the throat. Drooling may be present. Seizure activity may progress to cause tonic–clonic seizures of the face and limbs on the same side. Occasionally the seizure may become generalised resulting in loss of consciousness and postictal confusion. An EEG may show centrotemporal spikes, a feature that is usually associated with a more favourable prognosis. Overall, in most children seizures will settle by the time the child reaches puberty. If seizures are frequent, anti-epileptic medication may be prescribed. Carbamazepine, lamotrigine and sodium valproate are effective options available.
Neurology and neurosurgery
Published in Jagdish M. Gupta, John Beveridge, MCQs in Paediatrics, 2020
Jagdish M. Gupta, John Beveridge
12.25. Abnormal EEGs are usually seen inchildhood absence epilepsy (petit mal).infantile spasms.in between breath holding attacks.Rolandic epilepsy.behaviour disorders.
EMD-WOG-2DCNN based EEG signal processing for Rolandic seizure classification
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Tian Luo, Jialin Wang, Yuanfeng Zhou, Shuizhen Zhou, Chunhui Hu, Peili Yao, Yanjiong Zhang, Yi Wang
This study first concentrates on EEG identification of specific Rolandic epilepsy, which is the most common childhood benign epilepsy syndrome with characteristic EEG presentation in channel T3/T4/C3/C4. Another innovation point is to first combine EMD with a particular complex network of WOGs to represent EEG features. As explained above, a limited number of IMF were decomposed in the procedure of EMD, which may be due to the short segment of the original raw EEG signals. Next, we plan to extend the labelling interval, which may get more high-frequency oscillation to represent more EEG characteristics. Since the Rolandic EEG signals were obtained in our hospital, and there were no similar public datasets to verify our procedure's validity, we determined to collect more Rolandic data in other hospitals. Future research will also focus on expanding this EMD-WOG-2DCNN model to categorize different types of epilepsy beyond BECTs and implement this diagnostic system in the hospital.
Treatment response in newly diagnosed epilepsy: a syndromic approach
Published in Neurological Research, 2022
Ali A. Asadi-Pooya, Mohsen Farazdaghi
The syndromic diagnosis of epilepsy should form the basis for the treating physician to decide on an appropriate therapy strategy in each patient with epilepsy; we adopted different treatment strategies in various epilepsy syndromes and under different clinical circumstances. For example, while Ethosuximide is an appropriate ASM for patients with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), it is not a good option for kids with rolandic epilepsy (both of which are considered as idiopathic epilepsy syndromes) [2]. Similarly, while Carbamazepine is a reasonable first option for patients with focal epilepsy, it is not a good option for patients with SGE [2]. Furthermore, while attaining seizure freedom is often achievable and should be the primary goal of treatment in patients with IGE and also those with focal epilepsy, this target is less likely achievable in patients with SGE. The treating HCP may want to target a main goal to improve the quality of life of the patient by controlling the most disabling seizure types (drop attacks and generalized tonic-clonic seizures), while avoiding polytherapy with many ASMs and the associated adverse effects; this goal should be explained to the patient and their caregivers.