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Birth afterthoughts
Published in Alison Brodrick, Emma Williamson, Listening to Women After Childbirth, 2020
Alison Brodrick, Emma Williamson
It may be that intrapartum events have already been explained, but the ability to hold information can be limited so often women need further confirmation and reassurances. In pregnancy we expect women to have difficulty remembering events and in verbal recall, this is often referred to as ‘baby brain’ and is backed up by some neurobiological evidence (Glynn, 2010). In the post-partum period whilst overall cognitive performance improves, verbal recall memory remains poor (Glynn, 2010; Marrs et al, 2013).
Role of the Ayurvedic Medicinal Herb Bacopa monnieri in Child and Adolescent Populations
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Pulok K. Mukherjee, Natural Medicines, 2019
In 2000 and 2001, two studies investigated Bacopa extracts providing the same amount of Bacopa to their respective participants per day (Negi et al. 2000; Asthana et al. 2001). Both studies investigated the efficacy of Bacopa upon the symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using tests of memory and behavioural rating scales. Both studies reported significant sustained improvements in language behaviour, free recall memory and visual recall. These domains are associated with improvements in a child’s vocabulary, spelling and auditory processing and comprehension, as well as various aspects of memory recall. The results here demonstrate the consistency in cognitive outcomes when research designs and extracts are uniform.
Neuropsychiatry
Published in Jeremy Playfer, John Hindle, Andrew Lees, Parkinson's Disease in the Older Patient, 2018
The pattern of deficits in PDD is a more severe version of that seen in mild cognitive impairment in PD affecting the domains of executive function, working memory, visuospatial function and retrieval of information in the absence of any significant storage deficit which can be described as a dysexecutive visuospatial dementia. Patients may develop a severe disturbance of planning (dysexecutive syndrome), slowing of thought (bradyphrenia) and a recall memory deficit which responds to external cues or reminders which is described as subcortical dementia. Since this deficit of recall is not primarily due to memory disruption, there is debate about the use of the term dementia in these patients. The term subcortical dementia was first used in 1974, and there is still some debate as to the clinical usefulness of distinguishing subcortical from cortical dementia.22 Since patients demonstrate frontal lobe dysfunction, including impaired verbal fluency, the condition can be termed a subcorticofrontal dementia. An even better descriptive term for this form of dementia is a dysexecutive visuospatial dementia.
Novel approaches to reactivate pertussis immunity
Published in Expert Review of Vaccines, 2022
The r-aPT vaccine developed by BioNet has also been combined with an epicutaneous patch (Viaskin®, DBV Technologies, Paris, France), used for desensitization to peanut allergy. It was tested first in mice as a single application and was shown to efficiently recall memory responses in aP-primed mice [88]. This r-aPT-coated-Viaskin® epicutaneous patch has also been tested to recall memory responses in healthy Swiss adults in a phase I double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial [106]. It was administered on days 0 and 14 using the Viaskin® patches applied directly or after epidermal laser-based skin preparation. It was observed that the Viaskin-PT applied after laser-based epidermal skin preparation induced similar anti-PT antibodies to the standard Tdap [106]. These results are very encouraging and should guide further research on this novel approach as this might be a very interesting option for needleless and adjuvant-free vaccination, which could facilitate vaccine acceptance and also vaccine accessibility.
Cognitive performance of women at various stages of reproductive aging and associated risk factors
Published in Climacteric, 2022
The studies concerning the relationship between different cognitive domains and menopausal transition are less well defined. In the Seattle Midlife Women Health Study (SMWHS) the cognitive performance of midlife women was studied at successive menopausal stages and it was observed that the cognitive scores of about 62% of women declined with reproductive aging [12]. The memory complaints reported by the women were related to verbal recall, memory and forgetfulness. Similar memory complaints were depicted in a study conducted by Betti et al. [13] among Italian postmenopausal women. Another study conducted with 120 Australian midlife women observed subjective memory deficits, impairment in verbal memory, reaction time and attention among 82% of women [14]. Past scientific literature [15–17] in this realm has also highlighted the reduced cognitive performance in various domains among women in transitional stage as compared to their premenopausal counterparts.
The clinical utility, reliability and validity of the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test—Third Edition (RBMT–3) in Hong Kong older adults with or without cognitive impairments
Published in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2019
K. N. K. Fong, K. K. L. Lee, Z. P. Y. Tsang, J. Y. H. Wan, Y. Y. Zhang, A. F. C. Lau
The major finding was that there was a global deterioration of all memory aspects in patients’ dementia when compared to that in the MCI and NC groups. Excluding dementia, we also found that participants with or without risks for MCI closely resembled each other in overall everyday memory functioning. Further analysis of the subtests indicated that the MCI group scored significantly lower than the NC group, which showed that MCI subjects would have difficulties in various situations of everyday life requiring delayed recall memory. This result was consistent with the finding of Kazui et al. (2005) that MCI patients showed impairment of everyday memory tasks which requiring delayed recall. The results of the subtests, which were classified as retrospective memory tests in the RBMT-3, indicated that older adults at risk for MCI have difficulties in three categories of delayed recalling: (1) faces of some unfamiliar persons, (2) a new route, and (3) a short story. As for prospective memory, they have difficulty in remembering to ask for belongings when compared to NC subjects. Thus, our results suggest that older adults at risks for MCI will function normally in everyday functioning when compared to older adults with everyday functional cognition; as well, amnesia would mainly affect delay recall memory in visual, verbal, or spatial information either retrospectively or prospectively.