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Viscerosensory Processing in Nucleus Tractus Solitarii: Structural and Neurochemical Substrates
Published in I. Robin A. Barraco, Nucleus of the Solitary Tract, 2019
D.A. Ruggiero, V.M. Pickel, T.A. Milner, M. Anwar, K. Otake, E.P. Mtui, D. Park
Immunocytochemical studies of CRF were performed in normal and colchicine-pretreated animals. Tissues were incubated in a rabbit antibody against synthetic rat/human CRF (Peninsula Labs). CRF-lir processes in NTS-X were sparse as compared to the labeling for subP or ME. For illustrative clarity the densities depicted in Figure 13 represent a composite of the patterns observed on adjacent serial sections. At the level of area postrema (Figure 13a and b), CRF-lir processes were detected in subpostremal, dorsal, and ventral subnuclei and concentrated in the area postrema. At levels rostral to obex, labeled processes were prominent in the medial (parvicellular) and dorsal-lateral subnuclei (Figure 13b), and in contiguous loci in the rostral division (Figure 13c). CRF-lir soma were sparse and scattered in the NTS, and abundant in the vestibular and perihypoglossal nuclei.
Non-Synonyms (Similar-Sounding)
Published in Terence R. Anthoney, Neuroanatomy and the Neurologic Exam, 2017
Nucleus commissuralis (W&W, p. 948): A nonmidline nucleus in the medulla oblongata, not part of the solitary nuclear complex. Located dorsolateral to the hypoglossal nucleus and described as one of the “parahypoglossal nuclei” (W&W, p. 948) but not as one of the “perihypoglossal nuclei” (W&W, p. 903).
Binocular, Accommodative and Oculomotor Alterations In Multiple Sclerosis: A Review
Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2020
Amparo Gil-Casas, David P Piñero, Ainhoa Molina-Martin
Upbeat nystagmus is not very common in MS, with only 5% of patients showing it.92 It is related to damage of the vestibular-reflective ocular pathway and lesions in the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) and ventral tegmental tract. Three clinical cases have been reported in combination with damage in the trigeminal nerve.93 Another atypical case of upbeat nystagmus with a linear slow phase waveform has been reported, in which the velocity of nystagmus was intensified in downward gaze and decreased during upward gaze. Lesions were located in the paramedian dorsal area of the caudal medulla, encompassing the most caudal part of the perihypoglossal nuclei.94,95 Although downbeat nystagmus is related to neurological disorders, they are not as common in MS. Indeed, four cases have only been reported.96–98 They are usually associated with lesions of the vestibulocerebellum and underlying medulla.
Vestibulo-ocular function in patients with sporadic ataxia
Published in Hearing, Balance and Communication, 2018
Bianca Simone Zeigelboim, Kairone Fernandes Kronbauer, Anylize Wachholz Von Scheidt, Hélio Teive, Vinicius Fonseca, Jair Marques
Studies [18] report a reduction in size of the pons and brainstem tegument unveiled in the MRI, thus showing that it is in this area where the vestibular nuclei, perihypoglossal nuclei (intercalated nucleus, nucleus prepositus and sublingual nucleus), and the paramedian tract neurons are located, being related to the vestibular system. Early degeneration of those structures may lead to a brainstem atrophy. It was evidenced that ENG alterations are related to ataxia severity or to the clinical stage of the disease.