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Published in Terence R. Anthoney, Neuroanatomy and the Neurologic Exam, 2017
Some authors limit use of the term(s) “diadochokinesia” and?or “dysdiadochokinesia” to one or more maneuvers involving rapid alternating pronation and supination of the hand(s). Generally, however, these are authors who do not describe any other tests which involve (rapid) alternating movements (e.g., MP&S, p. 84) or who describe such tests—e.g., tapping with the fingers or toes—but do not label them as tests of (rapid) alternating movements te.g., Bick, p. 204–205; Walt, p. 25–26, 1:5—see the discussions of Semantic Conflicts 2–3 for details). There are exceptions, however. BaiTOWS (1980) uses the term “Diadochokinesia” in relation to maneuvers involving pronation and supination of the hand(s) (p. 17), but not in relation to “Rapid Alternating Movements of the foot” (p. IBJ. Similarly, Chusid (1985) uses the term “adiadokokinesia” in relation to maneuvers involving pronation and supination of the hand (p. 197, 475), but not in relation to “Rapidly Alternating Movements of Fingers” (p. 474–475).
Rehabilitation of Apraxia in Adults and Children
Published in Barbara A. Wilson, Jill Winegardner, Caroline M. van Heugten, Tamara Ownsworth, Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2017
Caroline M. van Heugten, Chantal Geusgens
There is no consensus on the diagnostic criteria and underlying mechanisms of CAS but some agreement exists on the domains in which these children have impairments: non-speech oral motor function, motor speech function, speech sounds and structures (i.e. syllable and word shapes), prosody, language, phonemic awareness/metalinguistic skills and literacy (Morgan and Vogel, 2008). The following features across these domains have been shown to have diagnostic validity: (1) inconsistent error production on both consonants and vowels across repeated productions of syllables or words; (2) lengthened and impaired coarticulatory transitions between sounds and syllables; and (3) inappropriate prosody (ASHA, 2007). CAS is typically diagnosed on the basis of expert judgement of perceptual features, but Murray, McCabe and Ballard (2014) recently developed and evaluated a more objective method to distinguish CAS from other speech disorders in children. They found that polysyllabic production accuracy and an oral motor examination that includes diadochokinesis may be sufficient to reliably identify CAS specifically.
Management of residual physical deficits
Published in Mark J. Ashley, David A. Hovda, Traumatic Brain Injury, 2017
Velda L. Bryan, David W. Harrington, Michael G. Elliott
Cerebellar reflexes have significant influence on the performance of smooth movements. Tests should include performances of 1) finger-to-finger, 2) finger-to-nose, and 3) heel-to-shin. Record findings as normal, hypermetric, ataxic, or with intention tremor (Figure 29.4). Diadochokinesis is tested symmetrically and asymmetrically and is recorded as normal, ataxic, or unable.
Neurological Soft Signs in Non-diabetic End Stage Renal Disease Patients: Evaluation and Prediction
Published in Neurological Research, 2022
Heba M. Zaki, Hamdy Sliem, Heba R. Ibrahim, Imane A. Yassine
The neurological examination for assessment of NSS was performed for detection of early neurological dysfunction. Heidelberg scale was used for assessment of NSS in all patients included in the study. The examination was carried out in a calm environment, without interruption. The scale consists of five subscales comprising 16 items. Each function were assessed by multiple tests [12,13]. (Done and assessed by two experts in the neurology team). Motor coordinations were assessed by speech articulation, finger-to thumb opposition, pronation/supination, diadochokinesia, and Ozeretzki’s test.The ability to perform complex motor tasks is assessed by finger to nose and first edge palm tests.The integration function is assessed by station and gait tandem walking, and two point discrimination tests.Right/left orientations were assessed by Rt./Lt. orientation, graphesthesia, stereognosis, and face-hand sensory tests.
A speech measure for early stratification of fast and slow progressors of bulbar amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: lip movement jitter
Published in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration, 2020
Panying Rong, Yana Yunusova, Marziye Eshghi, Hannah P. Rowe, Jordan R. Green
The long-term goal of this research is to identify the best measures for diagnosing, staging, and prognosticating of bulbar dysfunction due to ALS. In this study, we screened the prognostic accuracy of multiple performance-based measures derived from lip movement during a commonly-used clinical diagnostic task – oral diadochokinesis (3). Of the 22 DDK measures tested, movement jitter, which captures the cycle-to-cycle temporal variability of lip opening and closing movements, was found to be the most effective for (1) early differentiation of fast and slow bulbar progressors (80% sensitivity, 95% specificity) and (2) early prediction of bulbar disease progression rates across individuals. Movement jitter also outperformed two established clinical bulbar measures (i.e. ALSFRS-R bulbar subscore, articulation rate). Collectively, our findings provide preliminary validation of movement jitter in DDK as a bulbar measure for patient stratification and disease prognosis in ALS.
Bilateral Fascicular Third Nerve Palsy in Posterior Circulation Stroke
Published in Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2019
Olaf Eberhardt, Mirjam Hermisson, Gisela Eberle-Strauss, Helge Topka
Dysarthria subsided after a few days. After discharge from the hospital and during the rehabilitation phase that followed, the sequelae of bilateral third cranial nerve palsy prevailed. The most disturbing feature was complete ptosis that required mechanical aids, e.g. adhesive strips, to keep either eye open. Only the right eye could be moved almost until midline while the left eye remained in abduction. Both pupils were mydriatic, on the right more than on the left side, and no reaction to light was present on the right side. There was exotropia of the right eye and vertical eye divergence. Convergence paresis and complete vertical gaze palsy were also present. In later examinations, an incomplete ocular tilt reaction was suggested by a slight skew deviation of the left eye over the right one and a slight ocular torsion to the right, without head tilt. Due to oculomotor disturbance, there was dizziness and unsteadiness of gait. Monopedal stance on the left side was unsteady, but balance and postural control improved after dedicated physical therapy. Slightly reduced fine motor skills and disturbed diadochokinesis of the left hand were treated by ergotherapeutic intervention.