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Neurotic disorders
Published in Bhaskar Punukollu, Michael Phelan, Anish Unadkat, MRCPsych Part 1 In a Box, 2019
Bhaskar Punukollu, Michael Phelan, Anish Unadkat
Depersonalization and derealization disorder: Patients describe feelings of not being real. External objects may appear as if they are automated. It is an unpleasant experience which is usually associated with other psychiatric disorders but is rarely present on its own. Insight is retained and there is a change in the passage of time. It is more common in women and symptoms often appear suddenly. Depersonalization as a phenomenon can be experienced in normal people.
Descriptive and Psychodynamic Psychopathology EMIs
Published in Michael Reilly, Bangaru Raju, Extended Matching Items for the MRCPsych Part 1, 2018
Anergia.Anhedonia.Delusion of guilt.Delusion of poverty.Depersonalisation.Depressive stupor.Derealization.Intropunitive.Nihilistic delusion.Psychomotor retardation.
Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry
Published in Mohamed Ahmed Abd El-Hay, Essentials of Psychiatric Assessment, 2018
The patient feels that he/she is no longer his/her natural self. This is usually associated with a sense of unreality, so that the environment is experienced as flat, dull, and unreal. This aspect of the symptom is called derealization. It may be present in short episodes or as a continuous state. It can be found in dissociation, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and epilepsy.
Dissociative Symptoms are Highly Prevalent in Adults with Narcolepsy Type 1
Published in Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 2022
Laury Quaedackers, Hal Droogleever Fortuyn, Merel Van Gilst, Martijn Lappenschaar, Sebastiaan Overeem
Over the past two decades, studies have increasingly shown a relationship between disordered sleep and dissociation (Koffel & Watson, 2009; Lynn et al., 2019; Selvi et al., 2015; Van Der Kloet et al., 2013; Van Der Kloet, Giesbrecht et al., 2012; Van Heugten-van Der Kloet et al., 2014). The American Psychiatric Association defines dissociation as “a disruption of the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity or perception of the environment” (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Several pathologic dissociative symptoms can be distinguished. These include feeling like everything is unreal (derealization) and feeling disconnected from one’s body or feelings (depersonalization). In addition, they include amnesia for personal information or events that are too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness (dissociative amnesia). Dissociation may also lead to identity alteration; learning from others of activity of alternate identities, feeling possessed or controlled, and perceiving internal images and voices (identity alteration) (Korzekwa et al., 2009). The DSM-IV-TR lists four diagnoses under the category “dissociative disorder”: dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue (a sudden, unexpected travel away from one’s home with an inability to recall some or all of one’s past), depersonalization disorder, dissociative identity disorder. Dissociative disorder “not otherwise specified” refers to various forms of dissociation that are not fully covered by any of the specific dissociative disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2000)
Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder: A literature review and three case reports
Published in Journal of Addictive Diseases, 2018
Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Maria Vinnikova, Anna Nenastieva, Vladislav Alekseyuk
After a year and a half of no improvement the patient was referred to an addiction psychiatrist. The main complaints were related to perceptual distortions. The patient noted that visual impairments persisted from the moment of their occurrence and intensified in the moments of emotional and physical tension, in the evenings, and after alcohol consumption. A slight sense of derealization joined the previously existing disorders. The patient categorically denied the consumption of any substances during the last year, and verbally maintained the goal of staying sober. At the time of appointment, moderate anxiety and depressive mood were determined. Treatment regimen included Tofisopam 150 mg/day (7 days), Lamotrigine 200 mg/day, Sertraline 50 mg/day, and Cortexin 10 mg/day. After a month of therapy, anxiety and internal tension were almost eliminated; mood and working capacity have improved. Visual impairments have somewhat lessened: the intensity of visual snow and color perception decreased, but the disorders have not passed.
Safety and tolerability of IV ketamine in adults with major depressive or bipolar disorder: results from the Canadian rapid treatment center of excellence
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2020
Nelson B. Rodrigues, Roger S. McIntyre, Orly Lipsitz, Yena Lee, Danielle S. Cha, Flora Nasri, Hartej Gill, Leanna M.W. Lui, Mehala Subramaniapillai, Kevin Kratiuk, Kangguang Lin, Roger Ho, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Joshua D. Rosenblat
Adverse events were assessed by the anesthesiologist and nurse staff both during infusion and directly after treatment. While patients are receiving the infusion, they are systematically asked about symptoms (Figure S1). The terms ‘depersonalization’ and ‘derealization’ are also described on Figure S1 for patients not familiar with them. The adverse events were then reassessed 20 minutes after the infusion. In addition to the treatment-emergent adverse events, the Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS) was used to further characterize current symptoms of dissociation severity. A score greater than 4 is typically indicative of dissociation [18]. A nurse administered the CADSS assessment within 5 to 10 minutes after the infusion.