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Patient, person, self
Published in Christopher Dowrick, Person-centred Primary Care, 2017
Reflecting on coherence and its four original elements, I may have to relinquish the element of curiosity, in relation to the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, and the element of memory in relation to dementia. I am reassured that this loss may not be too serious by Stephen Katz’ persuasive argument for the normalcy and indeed necessity of forgetting, as a liberating antidote to the ‘relentless horizons of experience’ (Katz, 2012). But the element of imagination has not been seriously questioned, and I submit that the element of desire or endeavour (probably the most important of all) is still broadly intact. We saw earlier in the chapter how Spinoza, in his definition of conatus, specifically refers to the desire of mind ‘both in so far as it has clear and distinct ideas and in so far as it has confused ideas’, which allows for its persistence across altered mental states and is not dependent on psychological continuity; and (with the caveats noted earlier) is consistent with Bayne’s intentional entity.
Aged care as a bellwether of future physiotherapy
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2020
These three examples are only some of the many works now emerging from the arts, sciences, social studies, education and ecology, life sciences, and philosophy that are utilizing a radical new view of objects and things. The current challenge for researchers using NM and OOO is to define methodologies that don’t reassert the self-same humanist privileges that currently underpin our existing research methods, quantitative and qualitative. As Jane Bennett (2010) has said, ‘To put it bluntly, my conatus will not let me ‘horizontalize’ the world completely,’ meaning that whatever I do, I cannot rid myself of my innate anthropocentrism, which makes flattening the ontological differences between the human and nonhuman world challenging. Some argue that it would be enough, for now, to apply more anthropomorphic attitudes to animals, plants, and other matter; others propose a more radical posthumanism.
Psychoanalytic Practice and Queer Theory: Queering the Clinic
Published in Studies in Gender and Sexuality, 2019
Chrysanthi Nigianni, Angie Voela
In the Encounters volume, queer theory is being presented as a rather unanimous canonical theory that draws mainly on Butler’s work with reference to some other key psychoanalytic texts that revise the psychoanalytic theory’s heteronormative canon (e.g., de Lauretis, Grosz). Deleuze disengages the concept of desire from the constraints of repetition and the death drive (De Bolle, 2010, p. 12). For Deleuze, repetition is not coterminus to the failure of remembering but rather points toward a Leibnitzean unconscious qua multitude of small perceptions. Further, desire is conatus, capacity to be affected independent of objects, which can also be defined as the tendency to keep open the capacity to be affected to the greatest degree (De Bolle, 2010a, p. 15). Such a definition of desire invites the clinic to consider the dimensions of co-affection as a credible alternative to the Name of the Father. A proper queer question would then be: Does co-affection have a place in the clinic, beyond the concepts of transference and countertransference? And another: Can queer open a space of creativity that is neither jouissance nor lack? Deleuze characterizes the Freudian clinic as a mechanism, not as part of the desiring machine (De Bolle, 2010a, p. 17). A mechanism fits in a deterministic world view and has no means of producing desires. Can queer theory open up clinical practice to wider filiations of desire, beyond sexuality as failure and specific assigned roles?
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) models in drug discovery
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 2018
Banumathi K. Cole, Ryan E. Feaver, Brian R. Wamhoff, Ajit Dash
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a rapidly emerging public health crisis, affecting up to 1/3 of the U.S. population, 75% of type 2 diabetics, and 95% of obese individuals [1]. Early in the NAFLD disease spectrum, non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) is benign and asymptomatic characterized by accumulation of fat within the liver’s hepatocytes; however, this phenotype can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a serious condition that includes steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocyte ballooning. Left unaddressed, NASH may progress further to cirrhosis and or hepatocellular carcinoma, often resulting in liver transplant or death [1–3]. NASH is a complex disease whose genesis is linked to a number of factors including genetics [4], metabolic syndrome [5], and/or external factors such as diet and exercise [3], making identification of new therapies challenging. As of today, there are no approved drug therapies for NASH, spurring a drug development race to fulfill an unmet need. Drug discovery efforts in this space are active and highly competitive, with approximately 95 drugs in various stages of development, of which over 10 have advanced to later stages of clinical trials [6,7]. The furthest along are obeticholic acid (Intercept), elafibranor (Genfit), and aramchol (Galmed), which are in phase III studies. Other drugs in phase II programs include selonsertib (Gilead), cenicriviroc (Tobira), emricasan (Conatus), volixibat (Shire), tipelukast (MediciNova), GS-0976 (Gilead), GR-MD-02 (Galectin), and leucine + metformin + sildenafil (NuSirt).