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PerformLyte—A Prodosomed PL425 PEC Phytoceutical-Enriched Electrolyte Supplement—Supports Nutrient Repletion, Healthy Blood pH, Neuromuscular Synergy, Cellular and Metabolic Homeostasis
Published in Abhai Kumar, Debasis Bagchi, Antioxidants and Functional Foods for Neurodegenerative Disorders, 2021
Bernard W. Downs, Manashi Bagchi, Bruce S. Morrison, Jeffrey Galvin, Steve Kushner, Debasis Bagchi
Calcium: It is an essential element, which plays important roles in the formation of strong bones and teeth, and participates in skeletal muscle mobilization and blood pressure stabilization.135 An imbalance in calcium can lead to either hypercalcemia or hypocalcemia.136 Calcium mostly remains in a neutral state but carries a positive electrical charge (Ca2+) when dissolved in blood. As indicated earlier, an excessive amount of calcium in the blood leads to hypercalcemia and ultimately leads to diverse diseases, including kidney diseases, hyperparathyroidism, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and lung and breast cancers.136 Hypercalcemia can result from an excessive use of antacids, calcium plus vitamin D supplements, or structurally diverse medications such as lithium, theophylline, or selected water pills that are reported to induce hypercalcemia.135–137 Similarly, inadequate calcium in the bloodstream leads to hypocalcemia, which can lead to kidney failure, hypoparathyroidism, pancreatitis, prostate cancer, and malabsorption.135,136
Body fluids and electrolytes
Published in Peate Ian, Dutton Helen, Acute Nursing Care, 2020
Any situation which increases the level of total serum or ionised calcium may cause hypercalcaemia. Hyperparathyroidism and malignancy are the two main causes. Cancer (commonly breast and lung cancers and lymphoma), which invades and destroys the bones, may cause more calcium to be released into the bloodstream. Immobility can result in loss of bone mineral leading to an increase in total calcium in the bloodstream.
Urinary
Published in Keith Hopcroft, Vincent Forte, Symptom Sorter, 2020
SMALL PRINT: blood film, further specialist investigations (see below). Urinalysis: glucose and possible ketones in diabetes; possible haematuria and proteinuria with renal problems; specific gravity very low in diabetes insipidus and psychogenic polydipsia.Fasting glucose or HbA1c: to confirm diabetes mellitus.FBC: normochromic anaemia in CRF; film for sickle-cell anaemia.U&E: to detect potassium deficiency and abnormalities suggesting CRF.Serum calcium: elevated in hypercalcaemia.Further specialist investigations: many of the aforementioned ‘causes’ will need further investigation in secondary care to establish underlying aetiology (e.g. ultrasound and renal biopsy in CRF, water deprivation test for diabetes insipidus, CT scan if possible pituitary lesion, and so on).
Temporal relationship between serum calcium and triglyceride-glucose index and its impact on the incident of the acute coronary syndrome: a cross-lagged panel study
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2023
This is the first study that evaluated the temporal relationship between serum Ca and the TyG index and its impact on ACS development in the literature. Changes in serum Ca and the TyG index are linked to each other and are independent predictors of ACS. Serum Ca may be a cause of IR, and its effect on the development of ACS might be mediated by IR. Both markers and their interrelationships should be kept in mind in the etiopathogenesis of ACS. However, more studies are needed to improve this interrelationship and its impact on ACS. It should be considered that some few patients with hypercalcemia might have underlying pathologic diseases, such as primary hyperparathyroidism. Moreover, several case reports have identified that hypercalcemia itself can mimic acute MI. Thus, these prominent issues should be kept in mind in future studies [31–33].
Biosimilarity of HS-20090 to Denosumab in healthy Chinese subjects: a randomized, double-blinded, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics study
Published in Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 2022
Yaqi Lin, Heng Yang, Xiaoyan Yang, Can Guo, Shuang Yang, Guoping Yang, Qiong Wu, Chao Pan, Changan Sun, Chuan Li, Liangliang He, Jie Huang, Qi Pei
Denosumab binds to RANKL, thereby modulating calcium release from bone. Normal serum calcium levels are 8–10 mg/dL (2.0–2.5 mmol/L), although the exact range can vary among laboratories [13]. In this study, normal serum calcium levels are 2.2–2.7 mmol/L. When the total serum calcium level is at concentrations of 2.1 mmol/L or less, it was considered hypocalcemia. Hypercalcemia is judged by our research doctor if the total serum calcium level is higher than 2.8 mmol/L. Both of them are graded according to the CTCAE. Reduced release of calcium from the bone eventually leads to hypocalcemia. However, several subjects had the hypercalcemia during the study, which might be the rebound-linked phenomenon after Denosumab discontinuation [14]. In addition, Denosumab could also affect the parathyroid gland function. Increased blood parathyroid hormone was observed in this study, which might be a compensatory response to the transient dose-dependent decrease in serum calcium levels [15]. The increased PTH levels might lead to an increased phosphorus excretion in the absence of osteoclastic liberation of bone phosphorus, consequently resulting in a hypophosphatemia [16].
Regional citrate anticoagulation versus low molecular weight heparin anticoagulation for continuous venovenous hemofiltration in patients with severe hypercalcemia: a retrospective cohort study
Published in Renal Failure, 2020
Yan Yu, Ming Bai, Zhang Wei, Lijuan Zhao, Yangping Li, Feng Ma, Shiren Sun
The baseline characteristics of the included patients are described in Table 1. Overall, 75.8% of the patients were male with a mean age of 56.3 ± 17.2 years. Patients in the LMWH-anticoagulation group were older than those in the RCA group (60.0 ± 14.8 vs. 46.4 ± 20.2, p = .042). The median serum calcium was 3.78 ± 0.52 mmol/L before CVVH. The two groups did not have significantly different serum calcium levels or remaining baseline characteristics (Table 1). The causes of hypercalcemia were malignancy (including multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, hepatoma, esophageal cancer and acute leukemia) in 78.7% of the patients and primary parathyroid adenoma in 21.2% of the patients. AKI (27/33, 81.8%), somnolence (6/33, 18.2%), and arrhythmia (3/33, 9.1%) were the most common serious symptoms of hypercalcemia, followed by coma (2/33, 6.1%).