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Animal Models for Studying Soft Tissue Biocompatibility of Biomaterials
Published in Yuehuei H. An, Richard J. Friedman, Animal Models in Orthopaedic Research, 2020
The implants also have to cleaned carefully after their preparation. Any foreign material (chemical matter, debris, etc.) left can alter the tissue response. For polymeric materials a good post-preparation cleansing procedure is first washing in 10% Liquinox solution (Alconox Inc.). Thereafter, the specimens have to be rinsed, cleaned ultrasonically for 30 minutes in a 1% Liquinox solution and given two 15 minute ultrasonic rinses in distilled, deionized water. Subsequently, they have to be given a Soxhlet rinse for 12 hours in distilled, deionized water. Finally, the substrata can be air-dried and sterilized. A sterilization process has to be used that does not change the polymer. For metallic implants, ultrasonic cleaning in 100% ethanol to remove any loose particles, is mostly sufficient. Again, the sterilization procedure has to be selected carefully, since sterilization is not always as clean as supposed.30 Also the packaging of the specimens after sterilization is important. Especially, in case of rough materials, particles of the wrapping material can stick and be maintained on the specimen surface.
Seeing with Sound: Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging
Published in Suzanne Amador Kane, Boris A. Gelman, Introduction to Physics in Modern Medicine, 2020
Suzanne Amador Kane, Boris A. Gelman
Ultrasound waves are generated in many commonly used consumer appliances, including ultrasonic cleaning baths, cool mist humidifiers, and antipest devices. Although humans cannot hear ultrasound, many animals can hear into the ultrasound regime. Ultrasound is absorbed more strongly in air than ordinary sound, so that rodents using ultrasonic squeaks to communicate with their fellows nearby in a burrow may be undetected by more distant predators. Most notably, bats use ultrasound ranging systems with typical frequencies of tens of kilohertz to hunt for insects and to avoid obstacles as they fly in the dark.
Degradation of dental implant systems after immersion in therapeutic gels
Published in R.M. Natal Jorge, J.C. Reis Campos, Mário A.P. Vaz, Sónia M. Santos, João Manuel R.S. Tavares, Biodental Engineering IV, 2017
G.M.P. Juanito, M.S. Araujo, R.S. Magini, J.C.M. Souza, M.E.R. Dotto, F.S. Silva, B. Henriques
After preparation, samples were divided into two groups, for all samples, an area has been selected (0.8 × 0.8) mm at the level of critical abutment region and implant considering the interaction of substances. The delimited area was analyzed after contact with the solutions according to the specifications suggested in the literature (Ungvári et al., 2010) for chemical disinfection. A group of samples was immersed in 2% chlorhexidine gel for 4 min (group CG) and another one (group CAG) was immersed in 1% citric acid for 2 min. After ultrasonic cleaning, the surfaces were analyzed again by profilometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Effect of early whole lung lavage at different time-points for promoting the removal of depleted uranium from the lung
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2021
Weilin Fu, Yao Xiao, Feng Zeng, Xiangyu Chen, Yong Zhu, Zhu Tian, Yi Liang, Rong Li, Minghua Liu
Ultrasonic cleaning technology involves the use of ultrasonic cavitation to remove dirt from object surfaces. It involves rapid and efficient cleaning, is particularly effective for cleaning blind cavities and various geometric objects (Yang and Li 2015), and is widely used in the irrigation of root canals and wounds in the clinic (Konno et al. 2017; Li et al. 2018). In view of the lack of incomplete clearance of radionuclides in the lungs via WLL, our team has invented a feasible, three-lumen bronchial intubation for ultrasonic lung lavage (patent no. ZL201922363247.0). The specific design was as follows: by setting an ultrasonic generator between the liquid outlet and the lower end of the injection port, the cavitation of the ultrasonic wave was used to impact and peel off foreign bodies attached to the inner wall of the alveoli to achieve the purpose of cleaning. Two accessory occluder sacs were set up to ensure that the lungs were completely isolated and did not affect each other; even if leakage occurred, lavage fluid could be discharged from the drain catheter between two suboccluder sacs without affecting the opposite side. In future, we will perform an in-depth study to improve the method of WLL, as well as the binding capacity of the lavage fluid.
Bio-efficacy of ultrasound exposure against immature stages of common house mosquitoes under laboratory conditions
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2020
Mohammad Sistanizadeh-Aghdam, Mohammad Reza Abai, Mansoureh Shayeghi, Amir Hossein Mahvi, Ahmad Raeisi
An ultrasonic cleaning bath (ELMA® Type TI-H-5 MF2; Elma Electronics, Wetzikon, Switzerland) with a dual frequency (35 kHz/130 kHz), an adjustable timer (from 0.5 to 15 min), and a selectable sweep function was used in this study. The maximum tank volume was 4.7 L (dimensions: 240 × 130 × 150 mm). In total, 25 larvae were released using a strainer in 400-ml disposable cups containing 250-ml chlorine-free tap water followed by recommended protocol of World Health Organization (WHO) (WHO 2005). The immature specimens of Cx. pipiens were exposed to different regimens of sonication (combinations of power, frequency, temperature, and time) inside the cleaning bath containing 3.7 L of tap water as the working liquid. All samples were sonicated for 0.5–15 min at two frequencies of 35 and 130 kHz, four powers of 10, 15, 20, and 25 W, and three temperatures (20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C). Different instar larvae, pupae, and batches of eggs were exposed to different regimens of ultrasonic irradiation ranging from 10 to 25 W in 250 ml distilled water. The experiments were conducted at 28.0 ± 1 °C with 55.0 ± 10% relative humidity.
Enhanced osteogenic activity and antibacterial ability of manganese–titanium dioxide microporous coating on titanium surfaces
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2020
Quan-Ming Zhao, Yu-Yu Sun, Chun-Shuai Wu, Jian Yang, Guo-Feng Bao, Zhi-Ming Cui
Pure Ti (TA1) was subjected to wire-electrode cutting to obtain samples with a diameter of 14.5mm and thickness of 2mm. After sanding, the samples underwent ultrasonic cleaning successively with acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol, and deionized water. They were then dried in a drying baker before undergoing MAO. The MAO process and sample characterization are shown in Supplementary Materials.