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‘Knowledge is power’: risk and the moral responsibilities of the expectant mother at the turn of the twentieth century
Published in Kirstie Coxon, Mandie Scamell, Andy Alaszewski, Risk, Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2018
Helga Kristin Hallgrimsdottir, Bryan Eric Benner
In all, the responsibilising discourses found in our source material from the turn of the twentieth century appear analogous to more modern forms of responsibilising discourses commonly associated with the management of pregnancy in advanced liberal societies (Shuttleworth 1993/1994, Hays 1996, Ruhl 1999). Whereas there are constants such as recommendations around diet, fresh air and exercise, other forms (such as carriage riding that appears as a risk in several manuals) have been updated to risky transportation technologies of today – for instance, there is currently no gestational period of ‘zero risk’ for travel by airplane. And while a century ago women were encouraged to subject themselves to urine tests and comparatively rudimentary physical exams aimed at determining whether they were indeed pregnant at all, women today are active consumers of home pregnancy tests and the latest in clinical antenatal screening technologies that include amniocentesis and even home ultrasound equipment. The scientific management and responsibilisation of pregnancy and motherhood has thus proliferated ever since the nineteenth century, among other various dominant disciplinary techniques in societies at the turn of the twentieth century.
Ultrasound assessment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: a literature review for the primary care physician
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2022
Damiano D’Ardes, Claudio Tana, Alessandro Salzmann, Fabrizio Ricci, Maria Teresa Guagnano, Maria Adele Giamberardino, Francesco Cipollone
Moreover, Andersen et al. [10] have shown an overall positive experience by patients undergoing POCUS in a general physician's (GP's) office: above a total of 691 patients interviewed, 96% of them reported that they had a very positive (n = 334) or positive (n = 220) experience of being examined with POCUS by the GP. Despite this, there is a large variety in primary care physicians' access to home ultrasound. Andersen et al. [10] showed that in a sample of GP's clinics in 20 European countries, in-house access to abdominal ultrasound was widespread in Germany (98.0%), Slovenia (41.4%) and Switzerland (40.6%), but somewhat less available in Croatia (1.5%) and Denmark (1.9%). Pelvic ultrasound, instead, in comparison with abdominal ultrasound, was less commonly used in general, with the highest percentage of application in Finland (30.8%), POCUS could offer several potential advantages in terms of clinical management and integration into primary care services, even if there are still missing data on diagnostic accuracy and outcomes.