China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Dictionary
Published in Mario P. Iturralde, Dictionary and Handbook of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Imaging, 1990
Atomic absorption spectroscopy. This is a method of chemical analysis where a flame photometer measures the absorption of particular wavelengths of light when passing through a flame in which atoms from metal salts (e.g., sodium and potassium) are being ionized. Small samples of body fluids are aspirated into a nebulizer and injected into a flame of propane or natural gas, or into a flameless electrothermal arc (e.g., carbon rod furnaces). Light is passed through the flame generated by a hollow cathode lamp lined with a coating of the metal to be analyzed. The characteristic spectral lines of the metal in question are radiated from the lamp and partially absorbed in the flame. A photometer detecting the radiation passing out of the flame can measure the quantity absorbed. Light emitted in the flame is separated from that absorbed, by pulsing the light source.
Monitoring of blood lead level in young children using new mode of liquid phase microextraction and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2020
Reza Akramipour, Mohammad Reza Golpayegani, Negar Noori, Nazir Fattahi
Analysis of lead was performed using a Model Nov AA 400 atomic absorption spectrometer (Analytik Jena AG, Jena, Germany), equipped with deuterium background correction, a transversely heated graphite tube atomizer and an MPE 60 auto-sampler. Pyrolytic graphite platforms inserted into pyrolytically coated tubes were obtained from the same manufacturer (Part No. 407-A81.026). A lead hollow cathode lamp (Analytik Jena, Jena, Germany), operated at a current of 5.0 mA and a wavelength of 283.3 nm with a spectral bandwidth of 0.8 nm was used. The sample injection volume was 20 μL in all experiments and measurements were performed using integrated absorbance. Argon 99.999% was purchased from Roham Gas Co. (Arak, Iran) and was used as protected and purge gas. The instrumental parameters and temperature program for the graphite atomizerare listed in Table 1.
Toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) with or without hydrophobic surface coating to THP-1 macrophages: interactions with BSA or oleate-BSA
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2018
Xianqiang Li, Xin Fang, Yanhuai Ding, Juan Li, Yi Cao
The accumulation of cellular Zn elements was measured by using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The Zn standard was prepared in water as 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 μg/mL. THP-1 macrophages were seeded at a density of 1.2 × 106/well in 6-well plates and exposed to 64 μg/mL ZnO NPs with or without the presence of 0.5% BSA or 20 μM OA-BSA. After exposure for 4 h, the cells were thoroughly rinsed with Hanks solution and then dissolved in HCl. All the samples and standard were then measured by an AA7000 AAS (Shimadzu Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan) equipped with a Zn Hollow Cathode Lamp. The experiments were repeated independently twice with n = 2, and mean ± SD was calculated (total n = 4).
Limited penetration of cobalt and chromium ions into the cerebrospinal fluid following metal on metal arthroplasty: a cross-sectional analysis
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2020
Meredith Harrison-Brown, Corey Scholes, Clarice Field, Robert McQuilty, Sami B. Farah, Ikram Nizam, Dennis Kerr, Lawrence Kohan
Cr was analysed using a Varian 240zl graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (Varian, Palo Alto, CA, USA). Samples were deposited on a graphite tube in an enclosed furnace and electrically heated to vaporise atoms in the sample. Light emitted from a hollow cathode lamp at 357.9 nm was absorbed by the vaporised atoms in the ground state. The concentration was determined by measuring the emission signal with that obtained for blank and calibration standards. Detection limits for Co and Cr were 2 nmol/L for the body fluids tested in this study. At relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10%, the limit of quantification was 5 nmol/L.