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Role of Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Hemorrhoids
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
Yaw Duah Boakye, Daniel Obeng Mensah, Eugene Kusi Agyei, Richard Agyen, Christian Agyare
Terminalia chebula Retz. is a major medicinal plant for treatment of hemorrhoids in Persian medicine. This herb could shrink the hemorrhoid mass size and stop the bleeding in other traditional systems of medicines, such as Ayurveda.15 Possibly, the efficacy of T. chebula against pain could be attributed to its central analgesic effects and triterpenoids saponin, which blocks the cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors.54 This, in turn, may be due to anti-inflammatory and analgesic characters of tannins (chebulinic acid, ellagic acid, corilagin, and gallic acid) via reducing the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1ß) or inhibiting enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) and prostaglandin synthesis.13,33,55 Gallic acid and its metabolites can also control the pain by acting as a glucocorticoid receptor agonist.38 Chebulagic acid relieves the pain due to inhibition of COX and 5-LOX11 along with flavonoids (quercetin and kaempferol).44,17 The efficacy of T. chebula against hemorrhoid mass size can be due to its venotonic characteristic (chebulinic acid and terflavin B)4,13 and venoprotective (via cytoprotective characteristics with inhibiting oxidative stress) features.4,39
Anti-Hyperglycemic Property Of Medicinal Plants
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Karanpreet Singh Bhatia, Arpita Roy, Navneeta Bhardavaj
Terminalia chebula, with a common name hirda belongs to Combretaceae family. It is indigenous to South Asia (India and Nepal), southwest China, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, and Malaysia. In one study Terminalia fruit was used and observed that 80% ethanolic extract was more effective against maltase activity than 50 and 100% ethanol extract. The active constituent found in these extracts was chebulagic acid and it was later observed that the chebulagic acid was responsible for downregulation of maltase activity and when orally given to maltose-loaded Sprague-Dawley rats, it resulted in lowering of postprandial blood glucose by 11.1% (Huang et al., 2012). In another study, methanolic extract of T. chebula leaves was investigated for anti-hyperglycemic effect in vitro as well as in vivo. It was found that crude extract showed 100% inhibition of alpha glucosidase and when given orally to diabetic rats, resulted in an appreciable decrease in postprandial hyperglycemia as compared to acarbose (standard drug used for diabetes treatment) (Dutta et al., 2018).
The Role of Plant-Based Natural Compounds in Inflammation
Published in Namrita Lall, Medicinal Plants for Cosmetics, Health and Diseases, 2022
Marcela Dvorakova, Premysl Landa, Lenka Langhansova
Chebulagic acid (Figure 22.4), a tannin isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz., exerted potent dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitory activity in vitro with IC50 values being 0.92 µM for COX-2 and 2.1 µM for 5-LOX. In addition, moderate inhibitory activity toward COX-1 was observed (IC50 = 15.0 µM) (Reddy et al., 2009).
Chebulagic acid attenuates HFD/streptozotocin induced impaired glucose metabolism and insulin resistance via up regulations of PPAR γ and GLUT 4 in type 2 diabetic rats
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2022
Ganesh Vasu, Ramalingam Sundaram, Karuppiah Muthu
Medicinal plants are good sources of alternative or complementary medicines for the treatment of various diseases (Jamila and Mostafa 2014). Based on World Health Organization (WHO) report, approximately 75–80% of the world’s population primarily depends on traditional formulations or medicine obtained from plant materials and products (Singh et al. 2012). Herbal medicines are commonly prescribed throughout the world because of their low side effects, easy availability, and reasonable cost (Nasri and Shirzad 2013). In view of these facts, we have chosen a plant-derived compound- chebulagic acid which is present in the fruits of Terminalia chebula. Chebulagic acid is used as a potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (Gao et al. 2008), anti-inflammatory (Shanmuganathan and Angayarkanni 2018), antitumor (Wang et al. 2018) anti-angiogenic (Athira et al. 2017), antihyperglycemic (Huang et al. 2012) neuro and gastroprotective effect (Kim et al. 2014, Liu et al. 2017), etc. However, there are no reports available on the effect of chebulagic acid on enzymes of hepatic glucose metabolism in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Therefore, the present study investigates the effect of chebulagic acid on enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism in high fat diet/streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
Preventive Effect of Combined Zingiber officinale and Terminalia chebula against DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer Rats via mTOR Inhibition
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Jayasindu Mathiyazhagan, Ramamoorthy Siva, Rama Jayaraj, Harishkumar Madhyastha, Gothandam Kodiveri Muthukaliannan
Bioactive compounds from ZO (6-gingerol, 6-shogaol) and TC (gallic acid, corilagin, chebulagic acid, chebulinic acid, and ellagic acid) extracts were detected using HPLC (see Fig. 2). Since ZO was in dried form, the presence of 6-gingerol was lower than that of 6-shogaol. The presence of chebulagic acid and ellagic acid is higher in the TC extract.