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Reliable Biomedical Applications Using AI Models
Published in Punit Gupta, Dinesh Kumar Saini, Rohit Verma, Healthcare Solutions Using Machine Learning and Informatics, 2023
Shambhavi Mishra, Tanveer Ahmed, Vipul Mishra
One of the simple and straightforward machine learning algorithms is decision trees [24]. Tree-based classifiers are faster in training and classification than neural networks and require fewer tuning parameters. They are simple to parallelize and robust to noise. Common decision tree ensemble techniques are AdaBoost, Multi-Boost, and random forest. The target class of a decision tree is determined by a series of queries, i.e., comparisons to a threshold, on input features that begin at the root node and end in a leaf node. Clinical decision analysis (CDA) has been used to solve medical problems that are complex and unclear. The development and growth of clinical treatment standards, the approval of new pharmaceuticals, drug prescriptions, the applicability of medical insurance for treatments, and healthcare policy are all examples of CDA [25].
Ambulatory Systems
Published in Salvatore Volpe, Health Informatics, 2022
Curtis L. Cole, Adam D. Cheriff, J. Travis Gossey, Sameer Malhotra, Daniel M. Stein
Secure messaging between EHRs is rapidly becoming an industry standard function. For physician-to-physician communication, the Consolidated-Clinical Document Architecture (C-CDA)54 format was chosen by CMS as part of the MU requirements for Stage 2. The format allows EHRs to exchange discrete data in a manner that foreign systems can digest. Medications, problem lists, immunizations, progress notes, and lab results can be shared between systems, in addition to narrative messages between providers.
Consumer Access and Control of Data, Data Sharing, Consumer Participation
Published in Connie White Delaney, Charlotte A. Weaver, Joyce Sensmeier, Lisiane Pruinelli, Patrick Weber, Nursing and Informatics for the 21st Century – Embracing a Digital World, 3rd Edition, Book 4, 2022
The nurse informaticist and HIT analyst identify data types, formats and code sets needed. They review clinical document architecture (CDA) technical specs to understand whether relevant data needed for the project is available. A review of the ONC 360X confluence page and the implementation guide is completed to better understand the technical requirements needed to send and receive a closed-loop referral (Direct Trust Standards, 2021). This includes identification of currently available transport methods in their environment (direct, VPN, etc.). The nurse informaticist performs a short review of the most widely used and validated SDoH assessment tool, PRAPARE, to determine fit. This includes examination of the implementation guide for EHRs. A full crosswalk is completed between the PRAPARE assessment tool and data needed to satisfy the data requirements of the project. The team identifies referral platforms available in the market and does a cursory review of available documents that outline the technical capabilities for data exchange including HL7 International relevant implementation guides. This information provides the foundation for the design, development and implementation work.
The Mobi-C® cervical disc and other devices for two-level disc replacement: overview of its safety and efficacy
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2019
Siddharth A. Badve, Swamy Kurra, Pierce D. Nunley, William F. Lavelle
Narain et al. concluded that 2-level CDA is an emerging topic. They reviewed 14 studies evaluating the literature regarding 2-level CDA to determine its utility compared to ACDF. They also concluded that patient selection for 2-level cervical disc replacement has been driven by the prospective, randomized clinical trials. The most common indication for utilizing CDA is a patient with subaxial degenerative disc disease over two contiguous levels who present with radiculopathy or myelopathy. The authors concluded that 2-level cervical disc replacement is non-inferior to 2-level ACDF in terms of outcomes and costs. However, they state there may be biases from the PRCT study authors; therefore, further PRCTs without conflicts of interest are necessary to determine if 2-level CDA is superior [51].
Refugees and asylum seekers in Australian print media: A critical discourse analysis
Published in Journal of Occupational Science, 2020
Jacinta Mayne-Davis, Jessie Wilson, Daniel Lowrie
A critical discourse analysis (CDA) methodology enabled exploration of the discourses that Australian print media use to depict refugees and asylum seekers. CDA considers any form of communication (e.g., written, spoken, illustrated) as study data (Phillips & Hardy, 2002). The focus of this study was on print media; specifically, written text within Australian newspapers. A clearly delineated theoretical framework and reflexive methodological approach was maintained to ensure rigor (Laliberte Rudman & Dennhardt, 2015). This allowed observations, interrogation of texts, and a transparent analysis of the discourses as they appeared in socio-political language use, norms, and practices (Jacobs, 2013; Jäger & Maier, 2009).
Modeling the adoption of personal health record (PHR) among individual: the effect of health-care technology self-efficacy and gender concern
Published in Libyan Journal of Medicine, 2018
Bireswar Dutta, Mei-Hui Peng, Shu-Lung Sun
Drawing upon the models relating to IT development in health care, Taiwan’s Department of Health (DOH) had initiated a five-year project known as national health-care information project (NHIP) to promote the acceptance of PHR system and to improve health information exchange [25]. DOH has introduced Taiwan electronic medical record template (TMT) principally to achieve functional and semantic interoperability of health information within the country. TMT is a local electronic record template that has been developed by adopting international standards, for instance, Health Level Seven (HL7) clinical document architecture (CDA), which is expected to provide interoperability within health-care systems [26].