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Published in Anton Sebastian, A Dictionary of the History of Medicine, 2018
Bunsen, Robert (1811–1899) Eminent German physicist, born in Göttingen. He received his doctorate of science from the University of Göttingen at the age of 20 years in 1831. While working with G.R. Kirchhoff (1764–1833) in 1829, he detected dark lines in the solar spectrum due to the absorption of certain wavelengths by the atmosphere. While working on spectroscopy, they discovered the elements cesium and rubidium. In 1841 Bunsen invented the carbon-zinc battery which became known as Bunsen battery. His most famous invention was the ‘Bunsen burner’ in 1854, which came to be used in most chemical laboratories. His other inventions include a grease-spot photometer, an ice calorimeter and an actinometer. See Bunsen burner.
Some observations on the liquid crystalline and gel behaviors of aqueous dispersions of a prodrug
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2019
Li Tao, Jinjiang Li, Swathi Pinamanenni, Krishnaswamy Raghavan
Surface tension measurement of BMS-830216 in acetate buffer (50 mM, I = 300 mM) (pH = 4) was performed using the Du Noüy ring method (CSC Precision Tensiometer, CSC Scientific Company, Fairfax VA). To perform surface tension measurement, the ring was first cleaned by burning off organic contaminants in flame (Bunsen burner) followed by attaching back to the lever arm of the tensiometer. Then, a sample was carefully transferred to a measurement vessel. Subsequently, the whole vessel was placed onto the sample table of the tensiometer, followed by adjusting the table-top until the ring was slightly submerged into the solution with its position centered to the measurement vessel. Slowly and evenly, the table-top was lowered, and consequently the ring was simultaneously raised. The surface tension reading was recorded when the ring broke through the surface. All measurements were carried out at room temperature (23 ± 3 °C).
The medical school without walls: Reflections on the future of medical education
Published in Medical Teacher, 2018
My first exposure to a medical school was a crowded, old, linoleum-peeling relic sitting on South Street in London, Ontario, Canada. Wonderful in its day; ancient, crowded and smelling of Bunsen burner and guilds in mine. Our training was by rote, derived almost entirely from the basic and applied sciences, pretty much isolated from the practice of clinical medicine, and sadly out of date. I left full of knowledge, and totally unprepared to become a clinician; it’s a lesson that guides my career, even today.