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Toward a new model of aging
Published in Wendy A. Rogers, Jackie Leach Scully, Stacy M. Carter, Vikki A. Entwistle, Catherine Mills, The Routledge Handbook of Feminist Bioethics, 2022
There are two ways to consider increasing the human lifespan. The first is to attend to the social determinants of health, which would be to reduce poverty and environmental risks. Reducing environmental risks does not explicitly aim to increase human lifespan; rather, the goal is to optimize quality of life. As Søren Holm explains, increased life expectancy has been a desirable side effect of medical and public health developments that did not have extending the lifespan as their primary goal. He believes “that new life-extending technologies will therefore continue to be developed even if resources are not allocated to anti-aging research directly” (2017: 127). The other, which I examine now, is to move beyond simply ensuring that aging takes place in the most equitable and secure environments, and seeks to cure aging.
Intelligent Aging Is Healthcare's Moonshot
Published in Tom Lawry, Hacking Healthcare, 2022
As we extend the amount of time the average human lives, the real issue is not lifespan but healthspan. Lifespan is the total number of years we live. Healthspan is how many of those years we have an acceptable level of health and well-being.
Avoiding Risky Substances and Environmental Exposures
Published in Michelle Tollefson, Nancy Eriksen, Neha Pathak, Improving Women's Health Across the Lifespan, 2021
Natasha DeJarnett, Neha Pathak
The following sections will explore health outcomes associated with toxic environmental exposures through air, water, climate change, soil/food, personal care products, and plastics across different periods in the lifespan of women, including childhood, adolescence, preconception, pregnancy/lactation, and menopause. Information on the health threats of climate change across the lifespan of women is presented in supplemental material.
Role of aluminum exposure on Alzheimer’s disease and related glycogen synthase kinase pathway
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2023
Sonia Sanajou, Pınar Erkekoğlu, Gönül Şahin, Terken Baydar
Recent achievements in medicine and health technology have made disease diagnosis and treatment more attainable, and the average human lifespan has increased in the past decades. However, the risk of neurodegenerative diseases also increases with the aging population (Gitler et al.2017). Among the neurodegenerative diseases, AD has the highest incidence in the elderly. AD is suggested to affect >55 million people worldwide, plus each year, the number of people diagnosed with AD increases (Lane et al.2018). According to the report published in 2020 by the Turkish Alzheimer Association, over 600 000 people in Turkey are struggling with AD (Dernegi, 2021). American Alzheimer’s Association reported that by 2050, >88 million people in the USA will be diagnosed with AD (Alzheimer Association 2020). On the other hand, 8% of the people aged over 60 years are estimated to be diagnosed with AD by 2040 in Europe (OECD 2018). Moreover, it is estimated that 6.19 million people have AD in the Middle East and North Africa (WHO 2021).
Erectile Dysfunction and Partner-Directed Behaviors in Romantic Relationships: The Mediating Role of Suspicious Jealousy
Published in The Journal of Sex Research, 2022
Gavin Vance, Virgil Zeigler-Hill, Rachel M. James, Todd K. Shackelford
The purpose of Study 1 was to examine whether the self-reported suspicious jealousy of men (but not their reactive jealousy) would mediate the associations that ED had with their self-reported partner-directed behaviors. More specifically, we expected that ED would lead men to report experiencing greater feelings of suspicious jealousy that, in turn, would promote more frequent use of mate retention behaviors, more frequent use of partner-directed insults, more frequent use of partner-directed violence, and more injuries inflicted on their partner. We focused only on the self-reported experiences of 18–45-year-old men in Study 1. Although the current average lifespan in the U.S. is approximately 78 years (World Development Indicators, 2021), archeological data suggests that the average lifespan of ancestral humans may have been around 30–40 years for those who survived past infancy (Finch, 2012). Therefore, the ability of selective forces to act on older men experiencing ED may have been limited over the course of human evolutionary history. Our goal in focusing on the 18–45 age range was to assess the associations that ED had with jealousy and mate retention behaviors in men during their prime reproductive years, ideally obtaining the most accurate representations of evolved mechanisms.
Targeting fetal hemoglobin expression to treat β hemoglobinopathies
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets, 2022
Sickle cell disease and β thalassemia are clinically important β hemoglobinopathies [1–3]. Caused by mutations of the β-globin gene (HBB), they are mankind’s most common Mendelian diseases. Their worldwide distribution and high prevalence in medically underserved populations has led the World Health Organization to classify them as ‘global health burdens.’ Symptoms and signs of sickle cell disease and β thalassemia begin in the first year of life coincident with the natural decline of fetal hemoglobin (HbF; α2γ2) levels. Lifespan can be reduced strikingly depending on access to health care. The pathophysiology and phenotypes of sickle cell disease and β thalassemia are very different. Nevertheless, preventing or reversing the physiologic switch from fetal to adult hemoglobin can treat both. With sufficient HbF in enough red blood cells, ‘cures’ might even be possible. This review focuses on emerging small molecule and cell-based therapeutics designed to achieve this goal.