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Introduction to Oral and Craniofacial Tissue Engineering
Published in Vincenzo Guarino, Marco Antonio Alvarez-Pérez, Current Advances in Oral and Craniofacial Tissue Engineering, 2020
María Verónica Cuevas González, Eduardo Villarreal-Ramírez, Adriana Pérez-Soria, Pedro Alberto López Reynoso, Vincenzo Guarino, Marco Antonio Alvarez-Pérez
All collagen members share common features. The collagen proteins have at least one triple alpha helix collagenous domain (COL), which is a rod-like structure to provide stiffness and the content or number of repetitions of this COL domain depends on the specific type of the collagen. The alpha helix chains are supercoiled to form a triple helix. The COL domain frequently has a triplet sequence Gly-X-Y, where Gly corresponds to the glycine residues and generally by steric constraints occupies the central positions in the triple helix. Meanwhile, X and Y can be any amino acid but frequently are found in these positions to proline and hydroxyproline, respectively. Hydroxyproline residues are essential to triple helix stability (Birk and Brückner 2011).
A Brief History of Genetic Therapy: Gene Therapy, Antisense Technology, and Genomics
Published in Eric Wickstrom, Clinical Trials of Genetic Therapy with Antisense DNA and DNA Vectors, 2020
With the advent of synthetic oligonucleotides, triple helix structures could be more readily studied. Oligonucleotide-directed triple helix formation was reported independently by Dervan's group (Moser et al., 1987) and Hélène's group (Le Doan et al., 1987). These and subsequent studies have proposed various motifs or recognition patterns for the hybridization of different base combinations in triplex structures (Cooney et al., 1988).
Food and Nutrition Innovation in the Context of Indigenous Knowledge Systems
Published in David R. Katerere, Wendy Applequist, Oluwaseyi M. Aboyade, Chamunorwa Togo, Traditional and Indigenous Knowledge for the Modern Era, 2019
Co-creation is thus founded in interactive engagement, which, as Prahalad and Ramaswamy (2004) say, is the crux of our emerging reality of creative dialogue. Utilizing the co-creation model in food and nutrition innovation implies integrating existing knowledge from different organizations, for example, through a triad of networks of operation involving universities, communities (including industry), and government, otherwise known as the triple-helix. Any of the actors within the triple-helix are able to take the driver’s seat in the co-creation process, with the sustainability of the system depending on trust and mutual understanding of the actors involved, information exchange, and transparency in solving of regional and global challenges to development, and dissemination of innovations. Higher education institutions have, in this respect, been called upon to play a role in addressing the challenges to food and nutrition security, through capacity building, for example, which is defined as the creation of an enabling environment for the development and strengthening of human and institutional resources (Aerni et al. 2015; UNDP 2006). Higher education’s role in food and nutrition innovation systems can be expected to be co-creating together with research, industry, and communities in order to fuel innovation, foster development, and create new business.
Treatment innovation for patients: a collaborative network in the Benelux and an inside view of 20 years of Galapagos
Published in Acta Clinica Belgica, 2022
Patrick Durez, André Hoekema, Tom Huizinga, Muriel Gazin, Erik Present, Dirk Veelaert, Piet Wigerinck, René Westhovens
Collaborations are indeed becoming increasingly common but usually tend to be small scale and involve only two parties, such as an individual academic institute or a healthcare organization in conjunction with an industry partner. For example, in the field of rheumatology, the discovery of the first fully human antibody drug adalimumab by Cambridge Antibody Technology (CAT) was through collaboration with the Medical Research Council and the Babraham Institute in Cambridge, UK. In recent years, a transition to large-scale collaborations has been observed across the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries leading to centres such as the collaboration between Imec (research in nano and digital technology) and Janssen Pharmaceutica in the Benelux [6]. Collaborations with more than two stakeholders often fall within the ‘triple helix’ model comprising academia, industry and government [7].
Disruptive innovations in the clinical laboratory: catching the wave of precision diagnostics
Published in Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 2021
Ziyad Khatab, George M. Yousef
Disruptive innovation requires coordinated efforts between governmental agencies, funding organizations, academic institutions, investors, and entrepreneurs. Traditionally, academia and industry have been walking in parallel with a lack of proper collaborative efforts. This is now slowly moving into a new era of partnerships [98]. A “Triple Helix” that encompasses government, academia, and medical industry has been successful in connecting these previously detached entities [10,99].