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Autoimmune Disease
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Nanette Morales, Jessica Landry, Christy McDonald Lenahan, Janine Santora
In a review of 32 studies, individuals with collagen vascular ADs exhibited lower selenium plasma levels; however, supplementation with selenium in these individuals resulted in clinical improvement and increased survival rates (Sahebari et al., 2019). Selenium is necessary to preserve the activity of selenoproteins in antioxidative and redox processes. These processes result in inhibition of pro-inflammatory receptors of activated B cells and counteract pro-inflammatory cytokine action, decreasing risk for ADs (Duntas & Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, 2015).
Trace Mineral Deficiencies – Diagnosis and Treatment
Published in Jennifer Doley, Mary J. Marian, Adult Malnutrition, 2023
Kavitha Krishnan, Julianne Werner
Primary causes of selenium deficiency include inadequate dietary intake, PN formulations without selenium, and AUD. Dietary sources of selenium are called selenoproteins as selenium is bound to the amino acids methionine and cysteine.2,62 The amount of selenium in food is affected by the concentration of selenium in the soil, which varies greatly throughout the world, but is noted to be lower in China compared to other countries.62 The Chinese population also has higher rates of some cancers, suggesting that selenium supplementation or consumption may have a protective effect; however, evidence directly relating selenium intake and cancer is lacking. Patients with surgical resection of the duodenum and proximal jejunum are also at risk of selenium deficiency as these are the primary locations of selenium absorption.31,62
Nutrition: Diet Therapy and Nutritional Supplements
Published in Paloma Tejero, Hernán Pinto, Aesthetic Treatments for the Oncology Patient, 2020
Selenium prevents cell damage caused by the oxidation of free radicals, meaning it prevents cell aging and the appearance of chronic disease such as cancer and heart disease. It is fundamental for the correct functioning of the immune system, since it increases the production of white blood cells. It intervenes in the proper functioning of the thyroid gland, as it is an essential element for the development of normal growth and metabolism due to its role in the regulation of thyroid hormones. There are at least 25 selenoproteins identified with different functions, most with antioxidant functions.
Progress in the study of nutritional status and selenium in dialysis patients
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2023
Meiran Cao, Shuai Zheng, Wenhua Zhang, Guicai Hu
Till date, 25 selenoproteins have been identified in humans, including glutathione peroxidases (GPx1-GPx4 and GPx6), members of the thioredoxin reductase family (TXNRD1-TXNRD3), and methionine sulfoxide reductase (MSR B1) [203–205]. Selenoprotein is a key component of the antioxidant defense system and plays an important role in maintaining redox homeostasis in the body. In contrast, a state of oxidative stress and inflammation is prevalent in patients treated with dialysis. A study by Salehi et al. [178] demonstrated that Se supplementation group significantly reduced IL-6 production by inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway in dialysis patients and concluded that Se supplementation improves the nutritional status of dialysis patients probably by inhibiting oxidative damage and inflammation. Similarly, in a trial by Stockler et al. [206], it was shown that treatment of dialysis patients with Se supplementation for 3 months led to a significant increase in their GPx activity and 8-hydroxytryptamine, 8-isoprostane, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were significantly decreased. This paper briefly summarizes the mechanism by which Se deficiency induces inflammation by activating the NF-κB pathway, as shown in Figure 2.
Design and synthesis of new spirooxindole candidates and their selenium nanoparticles as potential dual Topo I/II inhibitors, DNA intercalators, and apoptotic inducers
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2023
Samar El-Kalyoubi, Mohamed M. Khalifa, Mahmoud T. Abo-Elfadl, Ahmed A. El-Sayed, Ahmed Elkamhawy, Kyeong Lee, Ahmed A. Al-Karmalawy
Selenium (Se) is a crucial trace element required for different cellular functions through incorporation into selenoproteins40. The significance of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) stems from their interaction with proteins, bioavailability, low toxicity, and biocompatibility related to organic and inorganic selenium. At high doses, SeNPs have been shown to have potent anticancer activity. SeNPs have excellent optoelectronic and semiconducting properties and are used in various applications ranging from photovoltaic cells, semiconductors, rectifiers, and copiers to biology and medicine41. SeNPs have been used in biomedical applications such as drug and targeted gene delivery, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticancer42. Many reports described the synthesis of SeNPs using different methods such as microwave-assisted synthesis, laser ablation, chemosynthetic reduction, electrodeposition, solvothermal, and green synthesis, all as examples of green synthesis. However, acidic pH, harsh chemical conditions, and high temperatures limit their use in biomedical applications43.
Nutrients in prevention, treatment, and management of viral infections; special focus on Coronavirus
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2023
Fatemeh BourBour, Samaneh Mirzaei Dahka, Maryam Gholamalizadeh, Mohammad Esmail Akbari, Mahdi Shadnoush, Mohammad Haghighi, Hamidreza Taghvaye-Masoumi, Narjes Ashoori, Saied Doaei
Adequate intake of selenium improves immunity and reduces inflammation, mainly through boosting the synthesis of glutamine peroxidase, which protects neutrophils from oxidative stress (Avery and Hoffmann 2018, Gombart et al. 2020). Selenium deficiency and suppressed selenoprotein expression have been associated with higher levels of inflammatory cytokines in various tissues including the gastrointestinal tract, the uterus, mammary gland, and other tissues. Dietary selenium deficiency that causes oxidative stress in the host can alter the viral genome, so that a normally benign or mildly pathogenic virus can become highly virulent in the deficient host under oxidative stress (Zhang and Liu 2020). Lei et al. reported that selenium supplementation might improve the immune function and the response to viral infections such as lethal influenza infection (Yu et al. 2011).