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Termination of acute and chronic disease
Published in Dinesh Kumar Jain, Homeopathy, 2022
All diseases are not always fatal. Today AIDS is a fatal disease. Once a person is infected with AIDS virus, he will definitely die. Nothing can save him. Many diseases have spontaneous cure. Tropical diseases are usually resolved spontaneously. Tropical diseases mean diseases that originated due to external infective agents and transmitted by usually dirty water, dirty food, and unhygienic surroundings.
Equity in health services and policy advice for developing countries
Published in Songül Çınaroğlu, Equity and Healthcare Reform in Developing Economies, 2020
Tropical diseases – the infectious diseases that thrive in hot and humid conditions, such as malaria, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, and lymphatic filariasis (WHO Health Topics, 2019) – are common problems in poor countries. The economic burden of tropical diseases is high in households and societies because of the high costs of medical care and loss of income (WHO, 2015). Overcoming these diseases would improve economies and development. The establishment of UHC with essential healthcare interventions against tropical diseases, which tend to be overlooked in developed countries, would help achieve global healthcare equity for vulnerable people, as well as for wealthy people; for marginalized people, as well as for privileged people; for the old, as well as for the young; and for women, as well as for men (WHO, 2015).
The Great War (1914–18); the inter-war years; and several new facilities
Published in Gordon C Cook, Disease in the Merchant Navy, 2019
Further details were provided in the following Report: The year under review witnessed the beginning of the work of the HTD], Endsleigh Gardens. The first patient, C.E. Long, suffering from Bilharzia schistosomiasis], had been] admitted on the 9th February. Very soon all the beds were occupied, and during the latter part of the year 50 beds were in daily occupation. The facilities which the munificent gift of the BRC] has enabled this Hospital to afford have been of the very greatest service. All patients treated there were suffering from some form of Tropical Disease. On the 11th November 1920], H.R.H. The Duke of York see above] formally declared the buildings open. … On the same occasion His Royal Highness unveiled the] Memorial Tablet see above] … in memory of the late General Sir Stanley Maude.
Role of air pollutants in dengue fever incidence: evidence from two southern cities in Taiwan
Published in Pathogens and Global Health, 2023
Hao-Chun Lu, Fang-Yu Lin, Yao-Huei Huang, Yu-Tung Kao, El-Wui Loh
Dengue virus (DENV), transmitted mainly by two mosquito species – Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus [1], causes 390 million cases of dengue fever (DF) annually [2]. The recent emergence of this tropical disease in temperate zones [3; 4] raises the concern that the mosquito vectors might have altered their life patterns and behaviors, and thus the epidemic pattern. It is essential to identify factors that affect the life cycles of the mosquito vectors and those that forecast the outbreak for prevention purposes. The Aedes mosquitoes lay eggs that proceed to adult insects through a life cycle involving larvae and pupae [5]; the life cycle takes one to two weeks or longer, depending on the physical environment and nutrients available [6; 7]. Ample literature has demonstrated the consistent contribution of rainfalls and warmer temperatures in the rise of DF incidence (DFI) and urbanization predicts the vector density [2; 8; 9]. A study in Brazil found that weekly minimum temperatures above 18°C had a positive effect on Aedes aegypti density, while humidity above 75% had a negative effect [10]. Also, stronger wind velocity [11; 12] and wind run (wind run = wind speed × duration) [13] inhibit dengue transmission.
Acute and sub-acute toxicity study of ethanol extract from Nectandra leucantha Nees & Mart. (Lauraceae) barks
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2023
July Silva Ferreira, Alanne Lucena de Brito, Silvana Tavares Paz, Humberto de Moura Barbosa, Jeymesson Raphael Cardoso Vieira, Carla Mirele Tabósa Quixabeira, Dayane Aparecida Gomes, Pamela Noemy L. Ramirez, Fernanda S. de Sousa, João Henrique G. Lago, Eduardo Carvalho Lira
Nectandra genus has been used in folk medicine as an antidiarrheal, analgesic and antifungal agent (Grecco et al.2015). Important biological benefits of N. leucantha have been associated with neolignans isolated from stems that exhibited antiprotozoal, cytotoxic and immunomodulatory properties (Costa-Silva et al. 2015; Grecco et al. 2017; Grecco et al. 2018; Souza et al. 2019). This study reports on the therapeutic potential of N. leucantha against critical clinical situations, such as cancer and parasitic diseases (leishmaniasis and Chagas’ disease). This species is potentially beneficial for clinical use, especially in the treatment of tropical diseases. For this reason, it is particularly important to analyze its toxicological profiles.
Plant-made vaccines against parasites: bioinspired perspectives to fight against Chagas disease
Published in Expert Review of Vaccines, 2021
Abel Ramos-Vega, Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante, Eric Dumonteil, Bernardo Bañuelos-Hernández, Carlos Angulo
In the preclinical phase (Figure 3), a plant-made vaccine against Chagas disease could be evaluated in the mouse model, either by oral route by whole cell immunization or parenterally with the purification of the vaccine antigen or plant crude extract. In oral delivery, the cell wall would protect the vaccine from degradation by gastric acids and the vaccine released in the small intestine by gut microbiota action. In both oral and parenteral routes, antigen-presenting cells would travel to the lymph nodes to trigger specific responses against the vaccine. Protection of a CD vaccine is associated and could be accurately evaluated by CD4+ and CD8+ cells that produce specific IFN-gamma response in vitro. Additionally, specific antibody production can be analyzed. However, an infectious challenge with the parasite is compulsory to evaluate survival and parasitemia, in which the dog model is the most recommendable. Figure 4 shows a comparison of different platforms to produce recombinant vaccines. To conclude, plant-made vaccines are envisioned to fight against Chagas disease and other neglected tropical diseases in those countries suffering endemic prevalence.