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Interactions between Oral Bacteria and Antibacterial Polymer-Based Restorative Materials
Published in Mary Anne S. Melo, Designing Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Restorative Dentistry, 2020
Fernando L. Esteban Florez, Sharukh S. Khajotia
Metal oxides based on nickel, zinc, copper, tungsten, and titanium have also been tested for their efficacy as antibacterial agents in polymer-based restorative dental biomaterials. These metallic nanoparticles have been documented to display interesting antibacterial behavior against several opportunistic oral pathogens such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Streptococcus mitis, S. mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, Rothia dentocariosa, and Rothia mucilaginosa.[193]
Benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G)
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Alasdair M. Geddes, Ian M. Gould, Jason A. Roberts, Jason A. Trubiano, M. Lindsay Grayson
Rothia mucilaginosa (formerly Stomatococcus mucilaginosus) is a Gram-positive coagulase-negative coccus that forms part of the normal mouth flora. It can cause endocarditis, catheter-related infection, and septicemia, including in neutropenic patients. Pen G is the best drug for the treatment of infections, but a few strains of this organism are Pen G resistant (Ascher et al., 1991; McWhinney et al., 1992).
Citizen-science based study of the oral microbiome in Cystic fibrosis and matched controls reveals major differences in diversity and abundance of bacterial and fungal species
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2021
Jesse R. Willis, Ester Saus, Susana Iraola-Guzmán, Elena Cabello-Yeves, Ewa Ksiezopolska, Luca Cozzuto, Luis A. Bejarano, Nuria Andreu-Somavilla, Miriam Alloza-Trabado, Andrea Blanco, Anna Puig-Sola, Elisabetta Broglio, Carlo Carolis, Julia Ponomarenko, Jochen Hecht, Toni Gabaldón
Rothia mucilaginosa is an oral commensal species and perhaps the most closely tied to P. aeruginosa in CF lung infections as it forms similar biofilms [88], may do so alongside P. aeruginosa [72], and can act as a source of metabolites necessary for the production of glutamate by P. aeruginosa, which is used as a component of its cell wall and may increase its virulence [89]. R. mucilaginosa has been associated with a decline in lung function in CF [68] and has been suggested to adapt very efficiently to the CF lung environment, to the point that individual CF patients may have unique strains of the species, as seen with P. aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus [72]. It is able to do so by the use of extracellular lactate, which is present at higher concentrations in CF individuals with poor lung function [90], in order to undergo fermentation under anaerobic conditions, as well as adapting to resist antibiotics, protect against foreign nucleic acids, and to take advantage of the Fe2+ produced by the reduction of Fe3+ by both P. aeruginosa and S. maltophilia in the low-pH CF lung [72].
Analysis of 1135 gut metagenomes identifies sex-specific resistome profiles
Published in Gut Microbes, 2019
Trishla Sinha, Arnau Vich Vila, Sanzhima Garmaeva, Soesma A. Jankipersadsing, Floris Imhann, Valerie Collij, Marc Jan Bonder, Xiaofang Jiang, Thomas Gurry, Eric J. Alm, Mauro D’Amato, Rinse K. Weersma, Sicco Scherjon, Cisca Wijmenga, Jingyuan Fu, Alexander Kurilshikov, Alexandra Zhernakova
We did, however, find bacterial species that were associated with hormonal factors after correcting for 83 factors that influence gut microbiome composition (Supplementary table 4). Anti-androgen oral contraceptives were positively associated with two bacterial species: Bacteroides caccae (beta-coefficient = 0.05, FDR = 0.001) and Coprobacillus unclassified (beta-coefficient = 0.02, FDR = 0.003). Oral contraceptives were associated with an increase in the species Rothia mucilaginosa (beta-coefficient = 0.004, FDR = 0.005), a species normally found in the human mouth and upper respiratory tract.30,31 This species has also been shown to be increased in young patients with ulcers in Crohn’s disease.32 Finally, having had both ovaries removed was associated with an increase in the abundance of the species Clostridium bolteae (beta-coefficient = 0.03, FDR = 0.03) (Supplementary table 4). One of the not infrequent problems that women face after a bilateral ovariectomy are GI complaints,33 and C. bolteae is known to potentially aggravate GI symptoms.34 Our result indicates that GI problems after bilateral ovariectomy might be due to increased levels of C. bolteae. This is also supported by mouse studies where bilateral ovariectomy has been revealed to cause microbial dysbiosis.8,35
Selected strategies to fight pathogenic bacteria
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2023
Aiva Plotniece, Arkadij Sobolev, Claudiu T. Supuran, Fabrizio Carta, Fredrik Björkling, Henrik Franzyk, Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma, Koen Augustyns, Paul Cos, Linda De Vooght, Matthias Govaerts, Juliana Aizawa, Päivi Tammela, Raivis Žalubovskis
Another bacterium that is associated with the Cystic Fibrosis (CF) respiratory tract is Rothia mucilaginosa. Research has pointed out that Rothia-species exhibit an anti-inflammatory effect in CF-lungs as has been shown in both in vitro and in vivo models by Rigauts et al. Besides that, in a cohort of patients with bronchiectasis, a negative correlation has been observed between the presence of Rothia and the expression of pro-inflammatory markers (IL-8, IL-1β) in the sputum. The proposed mechanism by which Rothia exhibits its function is the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway activation by reducing the phosphorylation of IκB-α leading to a decreased expression of NF-κB target genes179.