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Order Piccovirales
Published in Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier, Virus-Like Particles, 2022
Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier
The Piccovirales is an order of resilient, nonenveloped T = 1 icosahedral viruses, 21–22 nm in diameter, with the virion consisting of 60 copies of VP proteins and belonging, therefore, together with circoviruses (Chapter 10), to the smallest known viruses. The order Piccovirales currently involves the sole family Parvoviridae, 3 subfamilies, namely the two traditional Densovirinae and Parvovirinae and a newly established Hamaparvovirinae; 26 genera; and 126 species altogether and forms the class Quintoviricetes as a single member. As summarized by the official ICTV reports (Tijssen et al. 2012; Cotmore et al. 2019; Pénzes et al. 2020), the two historically initial subfamilies Parvovirinae and Densovirinae were distinguished primarily by the respective ability of their member viruses to infect vertebrates, including humans, versus invertebrates. The Hamaparvovirinae subfamily was split in 2019 from the Densovirinae subfamily that served as a specific melting pot for all invertebrate-infecting parvoviruses. Some order members cause diseases, which range from subclinical to lethal. A few, such as adeno-associated virus (AAV) of the genus Dependoparvovirus from the subfamily Parvovirinae, require coinfection with helper viruses from other families.
Human Bocavirus
Published in Dongyou Liu, Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018
José Luiz Proença-Módena, Guilherme Paier Milanez, Eurico Arruda
HBoV is a member of the family Parvoviridae, which is divided into two subfamilies according to the primary host specificities. While the subfamily Densovirinae comprises invertebrate/arthropod-infecting viruses, the subfamily Parvovirinae covers agents that infect vertebrates. The subfamily Parvovirinae currently includes eight genera: Amdoparvovirus, Aveparvovirus, Bocaparvovirus, Copiparvovirus, Dependoparvovirus, Erythroparvovirus, Protoparvovirus, and Tetraparvovirus (Figure 8.1) [9].
Human Bocavirus Infections
Published in Sunit K. Singh, Human Respiratory Viral Infections, 2014
Verena Schildgen, Oliver Schildgen
The human bocavirus (HBoV) was discovered for the first time in the year 2005 by Tobias Allander and coworkers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden (Allander et al., 2005). At the time of its discovery, it was grouped into the family Parvoviridae, subfamily Parvovirinae, genus Bocavirus. This classification was based on the analyses of two prototype strains, initially named HBoV-ST1 and HBoV-ST2, for Stockholm strain 1 and 2 (Allander et al., 2005). The sequence length varies between 5217 and 5399 bases and is dependent on the subtype and the isolate (Schildgen et al., 2012).
The clinical use of parvovirus B19 assays: recent advances
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2018
The family Parvoviridae includes viruses with a single-stranded DNA genome, encapsidated in a icosahedral protein capsid, about 22–26 nm in diameter. Replication occurs in the nucleus of infected cells and is highly dependent on cellular environment, so that a productive cycle is usually achieved only in actively dividing cells, or in some cases when supported by complementation from helper viruses. The subfamily Parvovirinae includes viruses infecting vertebrate hosts, within it the most recent taxonomical revision distinguishes eight viral genera, and within each genus individual virus species that collect the viral isolates normally recognized in clinical or laboratory settings. In the genus Erythroparvovirus, the species Primate erythroparvovirus 1 includes the human parvovirus B19 (B19V), and a further subdivision is introduced in three distinct B19V genotypes, that differ in their genome sequence by about 10%, while constituting a single serotype and showing similar biological properties [1].