Laryngotracheobronchitis

Laryngotracheobronchitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the larynx, trachea, and bronchi, and is most commonly caused by a viral infection. It is characterized by symptoms such as barking cough, hoarseness, and stridor, and in severe cases, the infection can spread down the airway. Croup is a common type of laryngotracheobronchitis that occurs in childhood.From: French’s Index of Differential Diagnosis an A–Z [2016], The Final FRCR [2017], Prognostic factors and importance of recognition of adult croup [2018]

Section 8

View Chapter

Purchase Book

Published in Padmanabhan Ramnarayan, MCQs in Paediatrics for the MRCPCH, Part 1, 2017

Padmanabhan Ramnarayan

Acute laryngotracheobronchitis is usually caused by viruses - parainfluenza types 1 and 2, RSV and adenovirus - and is usually characterised by stridor (mostly inspiratory) and varying degrees of upper airway compromise. Nebulised adrenaline may be very helpful in the acute situation by reducing the airway oedema, although there is a risk of further rebound oedema after some time. Oral or nebulised steroids, mainly dexamethasone, have been found to be useful in many trials. Nebulised budesonide is also found to be effective in a dose of 2 mg given once or a divided dose of 1 mg twice. Supportive management is with oxygen as needed and feeding support.

Prognostic factors and importance of recognition of adult croup

View Article

Journal Information

Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2018

Tomoyasu Tachibana, Yorihisa Orita, Takuma Makino, Yasutoshi Komatsubara, Yuko Matsuyama, Yuto Naoi, Michihiro Nakada, Yasuharu Sato, Kazunori Nishizaki

Croup, or laryngotracheobronchitis, is a common inflammatory disease in childhood characterized by barking cough, hoarseness, and stridor [1–3]. Severe croup patients can require airway intervention such as tracheal intubation or tracheostomy to maintain the airway. The characteristics of adult croup (AC) have not been well described. To delineate prognostic factors for AC, the present study retrospectively investigated the clinical features of AC patients treated in our department.

Laryngotracheobronchitis

Explore chapters and articles related to this topic

Section 8

Prognostic factors and importance of recognition of adult croup