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Control of Human Intestinal Nematode Infections
Published in Max J. Miller, E. J. Love, Parasitic Diseases: Treatment and Control, 2020
Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) is frequent in children from all countries. The worms act mechanically, producing anal discomfort, pruritis, and sometime invasion of the female genital tract or other organs.
The Helminths
Published in Donald L. Price, Procedure Manual for the Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasites, 2017
The adult parasites of Enterobius vermicularis inhabit the colon but eggs are usually deposited in the folds of the perianal region. The eggs mature in utero when the adult migrating female worm reaches the lower level of the large bowel. Those eggs deposited in the upper colon do not become infective. Eggs of E. vermicularis (Plate 11:4; Plate 31) are flattened on one side but this is not seen when the egg is lying with the flat side up or down. Eggs passed in the feces measure about 55 × 25 μm and contain a partially developed embryo. Rarely, males or immature females are present in the feces.
Albendazole
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Studies in which the appropriate diagnostic test—the “Scotch tape test”—to examine perianal skin for eggs of Enterobius vermicularis, are somewhat limited in number and size. This infection is most commonly encountered in young children, with adults rarely affected, and this group is less commonly investigated. Twenty-seven studies recorded data on the treatment of E. vermicularis in 903 patients. Cure was recorded in 883 patients (97.8%) with a single 400-mg dose of albendazole.
Identifying the response process validity of clinical vignette-type multiple choice questions: An eye-tracking study
Published in Medical Teacher, 2023
Francisco Carlos Specian Junior, Thiago Martins Santos, John Sandars, Eliana Martorano Amaral, Dario Cecilio-Fernandes
Boy, 4 years old, complaining of perianal itching, exacerbated at night with restless sleep and irritability. The older brother has had similar symptoms for about a month. Physical examination: no changes. The cause is infection with:Trichuris Trichiura.Enterobius vermicularis.Ancylostoma duodenalis.Strongyloides stercoralis.Typical HCQ
Worm expulsion is independent of alterations in composition of the colonic bacteria that occur during experimental Hymenolepis diminuta-infection in mice
Published in Gut Microbes, 2020
Adam Shute, Arthur Wang, Timothy S. Jayme, Marc Strous, Kathy D. McCoy, Andre G. Buret, Derek M. McKay
As data continue to accumulate on helminth-evoked changes in the composition of their hosts’ enteric microbiota, the functional significance of these changes needs to be determined. The apparent increase in Lachnospiraceae in H. diminuta-infected mice is noteworthy, because members of this family produce short-chain fatty acids from dietary fiber that affect many aspects of host physiology, including immunity.27 Similarly, increases in the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacter spp. were reported in C. sinesis- and Enterobius vermicularis-infected mice, respectively.23,28 Thus, one can hypothesize that helminth-evoked changes in the composition of the gut bacteria affect the helminth–host relationship or concomitant immunity. Neither scenario is unprecedented. For example, hatching of T. muris eggs required a gut microbiota,4 suppression of airways inflammation or improved insulin sensitivity in mice infected with nematodes involved the gut microbiota6,29 and, contrarily, H. polygyrus-evoked exaggeration of Citrobacter rodentium-induced colitis occurred, at least in part, via the microbiota.30
Abdominal pain – a common presentation with unusual diagnosis: a case report
Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2020
Yeshaswini. P.S. Reddy, Sriviji Senthil Kumaran, Varun Vanka, Asra Rab, Viren Patel
Enterobius vermicularis is a parasitic infection prevalent in tropical countries and is transmitted by faeco-oral ingestion of contaminated food and water with the parasitic egg [2,5]. Patients with this infection are usually asymptomatic but may experience nocturnal anal pruritis [2]. These parasites usually affect the lumen of the appendix mimicking acute appendicitis and are diagnosed on histopathology findings [2,5].