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Maternal Anemia
Published in Vincenzo Berghella, Maternal-Fetal Evidence Based Guidelines, 2022
Ashley E. Benson, Marcela C. Smid
Key laboratory tests for the workup of anemia in pregnancy include a complete blood count (CBC) with MCV, red blood cell distribution width (RDW), serum ferritin level, and hemoglobin electrophoresis. Workup of anemia in pregnancy is described in Figures 14.1–14.3.
Advances in Artificial Intelligence Applied to Heart Failure
Published in Kayvan Najarian, Delaram Kahrobaei, Enrique Domínguez, Reza Soroushmehr, Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Medicine, 2022
Jose M. García-Pinilla, Francisco Lopez Valverde
Adler et al. used an ML algorithm (by training a boosted decision tree algorithm to relate a subset of the patient data with a very high or very low mortality risk) to capture correlations between patient characteristics and mortality. 5,822 hospitalized and ambulatory patients with HF were included. From this model a risk score was derived; and it was able to discriminate between low and high risk of death by identifying eight variables (diastolic blood pressure, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, hemoglobin, white blood cell count, platelets, albumin, and red blood cell distribution width) (Adler et al., 2020).
Precision medicine in multiple sclerosis
Published in Debmalya Barh, Precision Medicine in Cancers and Non-Communicable Diseases, 2018
There is no single test that can detect MS. Red blood cell distribution width is an easy parameter for diagnosis of MS (Hu, 2016). The correlation of the clinical conditions and the test reports can often help in early detection of MS usually with the involvement of specialist physicians (Frankel and Jones, 2017). The diagnostic techniques have been depicted in Table 15.3.
Association between red blood cell distribution width and non-valvular atrial fibrillation in hemodialysis patients: a single-center Chinese population study
Published in Renal Failure, 2022
Tao Zhang, Zhengjie Zhu, Hongtao Yang, Shili Cao, Jing Li, Qingmiao Shao
Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a quantitative index that reflects the volumetric heterogeneity of erythrocyte in peripheral blood. Elevated RDW is not only associated with enhancive destruction and ineffective production of erythrocyte, but also indicates inflammation and malnutrition status [8,9]. Meanwhile, RDW, as an indicator of inflammation [9], has been regarded as a novel and independent prognosis predictor of in various clinical settings, including acute and chronic heart failure, [10,11] stroke, [12] kidney transplant [13] and CKD [14–16]. Most notably, a growing number of studies evaluated that elevated RDW has been proven to be related to increased incidence of AF in patients with cardiac procedure or surgery [17,18], hypertension, [19] sick sinus syndrome, [20] percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) [21]. Moreover, Jurin et al. studied that RDW was not only associated with AF incidence, but also was independently associated with AF progression. Patients with RDW level ≤ 14.5% are most probably the best candidates for rhythm control strategies [22]. Existing studies have highlighted that RDW was associated with poor outcomes in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients [23,24]. Notably, Mo et al [24] found that increased RDW was an independent risk factor for cerebral infarction in HD patients. However, the relationship between RDW and AF occurrence in HD patients is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between RDW and non-valvular AF occurrence in maintenance HD patients.
Red blood cell distribution width at admission predicts outcome in critically ill patients with kidney failure: a retrospective cohort study based on the MIMIC-IV database
Published in Renal Failure, 2022
Rongqian Hua, Xuefang Liu, Enwu Yuan
Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a parameter that indicates the size variation of red blood cells (RBCs). Increased size variability of RBCs is defined as anisocytosis. It is commonly used to identify different types of anemia in clinical practice. Its normal baseline range varies from 11.5% to 14.5% [10]. Recently, increasing numbers of researchers have focused on the predictive roles of RDW for mortality in critically ill patients. For instance, some studies show that there are correlations between RDW and outcomes of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs), such as diabetic ketoacidosis [11], sepsis [12], cardiogenic shock [13], acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [14], and acute kidney injury (AKI) [15]. Relevant literature had obtained that the increase of RDW predicted the mortality of patients with kidney failure [16,17]. However, the temporal change of its predictive effect was unknown. We aimed to explore whether the baseline of RDW could be used as a biomarker to predict the clinical outcomes of kidney failure patients in the ICU, and its predictive effect over time.
Association of red blood cell distribution width with post-operative new-onset atrial fibrillation following cardiac valve replacement surgery: a retrospective study
Published in Biomarkers, 2022
Li Xin, Chu Chenghao, Hou Shuwen, Ge Shenglin, Zhang Chengxin
The exact cause and mechanism of PNAF are not well-understood, but previous studies have suggested that inflammation and oxidative stress may respond to the development of PNAF (Greenberg et al.2017). Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a parameter that is routinely reported in complete blood count tests. RDW reflects the heterogeneity of red blood cell sizes and is mainly utilized in the differential diagnosis of anaemia. Of note, RDW is a novel prognostic marker that has been observed to have a significant association with underlying inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with cardiovascular diseases (Emans et al.2013, Buyukkaya et al.2016, Roumeliotis et al.2020). Furthermore, recent studies revealed that RDW was associated with the onset of atrial fibrillation in non-surgical patients (Güngör et al.2014, Pilling et al.2018, Shao et al.2018). Thus, preoperative elevated RDW values may contribute to an increased risk for PNAF after cardiac surgery.