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Knee Pain
Published in Benjamin Apichai, Chinese Medicine for Lower Body Pain, 2021
If Iliotibial band syndrome is present, the location of the pain is at the lateral side of the knee, and the affected area could be swollen and warm. The pain is caused by repetitively flexing the knee during physical activities such as running, cycling, swimming, and climbing. The pain may radiate along the lateral side of the thigh to the hip causing hip pain; it may find some weakness or imbalance of the quadriceps muscles and hamstring muscles. Ober’s Test is positive.
Using an external focus of attention for gait retraining in runners: A case report
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2023
Sara Skammer, Justin Halvorson, James Becker
The initial examination revealed that all flexibility measures were within normative ranges and the only major difference between limbs was less hip internal rotation and more hip external rotation range of motion on the previously injured left leg (Table 1). The Thomas and Ely’s tests were both negative bilaterally, while Ober’s test was positive bilaterally. Muscle strength values were all within 1 standard deviation of the mean values from our laboratory’s database of 200 runners (Table 1). When evaluating the video of the participant running, it was noted that she displayed substantial hip adduction and medial heel whip during swing (Figure 2a). These were confirmed by biomechanical analysis, which showed abnormally high amounts of hip adduction during the stance phase and hip internal rotation during both the stance and swing phase (Table 2). These values are considered abnormally high and high based on both the laboratory database of runners and reports in the literature, which have targeted these measures in previous gait retraining studies (Noehren, Scholz, and Davis, 2011; Willy and Davis, 2013; Willy, Scholz, and Davis, 2012). Lastly, EMG analysis revealed a delayed onset of the gluteus medius muscle relative to heel strike, an issue that has been targeted for improvement in previous gait retraining studies (Willy and Davis, 2013).
Comparison of hip extensor muscle activity including the adductor magnus during three prone hip extension exercises
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2019
Han-i Ko, Seung-yeon Jeon, Si-hyun Kim, Kyue-nam Park
22 healthy individuals (11 men, 11 women; age range, 19–26 years) attended the clinical screening and constituted this study’s sample. Participants were recruited from Jeonju university. Participants were excluded from the study if they had: 1) a history of pain/injury in the lower back or lower extremities within the last 6 months; 2) tightness of the hip flexors using the modified Thomas test which was defined as hip extension range of motion (ROM) > 0° above the horizontal in the supine position (Mills et al., 2015); 3) tightness of the hip abductors, as determined on the Ober test, which was defined as hip adduction ROM < 15° while lying on one side (Tenney, Boyle, and DeBord, 2013); or 4) any neurological deficit or difficulty in performing three PHE exercises. None of the participants was excluded in this clinical screening, all 22 subjects ultimately participated in this study. Tightness of the hip flexors and abductors can restrict ROM in PHE and PHE-ADD, respectively. The purpose of modified Thomas test and Ober test was to exclude participants who were unable to perform PHE and PHE-ADD due to tightness of both hip flexors and abductors. Modified Thomas test and Ober test were performed by a trained examiner with three years’ experience using muscle length test at the time of the study. Before participating in the study, participants were informed about its objectives, and the experimental and safety procedures, and each participant provided written informed consent. This study was approved by the Jeonju University Institutional Review Board for Human Investigations (number: jjIRB-2015–0403).
Effect of mobilization with movement on lateral knee pain due to proximal tibiofibular joint hypomobility
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2018
Sudarshan Anandkumar, Jack Miller, Robert J. Werstine, Steve Young
Provocative special tests (the varus test, McMurray’s test, Thessaly test, and Noble’s compression test) were negative and did not reproduce the patient’s pain. Further, the Ober test and Thomas test were unremarkable bilaterally. Active and passive straight leg raise (with plantar flexion and inversion sensitizing the common peroneal nerve) and slump testing did not reproduce the patient’s symptoms.