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Medicinal Plants in Natural Health Care as Phytopharmaceuticals
Published in Anil K. Sharma, Raj K. Keservani, Surya Prakash Gautam, Herbal Product Development, 2020
It is a lofty tree with branches slender, leaves 7−8 cm, dark green, entire, lanceolate, flowers yellow, dioecious. Fruits are ovoid, sub-globose, 4−5 cm. The plant is widely used as spices as well as for medicinal purpose in the Unani System of Medicine since times immemorial. The plant nutmeg was introduced by a saydalaneh (pharmacist in Arabic) for its clinical use. As per Unani nature, nutmeg is hot and dry. It is a very common and prevalent drug used as digestive, carminative, appetizer, exhilarant and mood elevator, anti-tussive, anti-emetic, demulcent, aphrodisiac, stomachic, liver, nervine, cardio and uterine tonic in the Unani System of Medicine. The extensive information for its use is provided in Unani text by Greek physicians so it is used in many compound formulations and useful recipes. Any research fimdings have shown that it possesses good digestive, appetizing, exhilarant properties; it is also used as mood elevator, anti-tussive, anti-emetic, nervine tonic, aphrodisiac, anti-diarrhoeal, liver tonic, cardiotonic and uterine tonic. Recent studies have shown its anti-microbial, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, anti-cancer, sedative, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity. Further, the scope of research can also be explored with the help of traditional knowledge of Unani and other customary medication.
Pharmacological actions of chemical constituents
Published in C. P. Khare, Evidence-based Ayurveda, 2019
Extracts of the following drugs have been used as bitter stomachic: gentian, quassia, calumba, cinchona, nux vomica (or strychnine), hops, centaury, condurago, quebracho and Taraxacum. Bitters are abundant in certain plant families especially Compositae, Labiatae, Gentianaceae and Umbellifereae.
Catalog of Herbs
Published in James A. Duke, Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2018
Boiled with rum in Virginia as a cancer cure; also used for leukemia and skin cancer.4 Root infusion gargled for malignant sore throat.17 Stimulant, tonic roots promote perspiration. Used by Choctaw Indians to alleviate stomach pain.8 Like other snakeroots, used for snakebites.8 In small doses said to promote appetite, tone up digestive organs, and serve as a cardiac stimulant. Useful as an adjunct to quinine in malaria. In large doses, promotes arterial action, diaphoresis, and frequently diuresis. Useful also in amenorrhea, bilious fever, dyspepsia, erysipelas, pneumonia, smallpox, sore throat, typhoid, and typhus.19 Steeped to make an aperient febrifuge. Used also as alterative, emmenagogue, expectorant, gastric stimulant, stomachic, sudorific and vermifuge. According to Steinmetz, snakeroot is a sedative for the genital nerves.27 Gums, resins, and tannins are also reported.
Investigation of the phytochemical composition and remedial effects of southern grape hyacinth (Muscari neglectum Guss. ex Ten.) plant extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress in rats
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2023
Aysegul Eroglu, Abdulahad Dogan
Most of the plants used in traditional medicine are rich in polyphenols and flavonoids and have widespread use in human and animal health (Garg et al.2019). The genus Muscari, which is represented by many species around the world, has numerous medical and biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, emetic, hypoglycemic, antiangiogenic, vasorelaxant, and immunomodulatory stimulating effects (Lin et al.2014; Kazemnezhad et al.2021) due to its alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and triterpenoids, and homoisoflavonoids (Nasrabadi et al.2013; Baba et al.2014). Moreover, M. neglectum Guss. ex Ten. has uses in traditional medicine as a diuretic and stomachic (Sánchez-Rodríguez et al.2012; Eroglu-Ozkan et al.2018). In this study, both the phytochemical content of the ethanolic lyophilized extracts of M. neglectum, which is thought to have a gastroprotective effect, and possible effects of this plant on rat tissues in which gastric damage was caused by CCI4, were studied in detail.
Green synthesis and biomedicinal applications of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with methanolic extract of Mentha longifolia
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2021
Abdur Rauf, Touqeer Ahmad, Ajmal Khan, Ghias Uddin, Bashir Ahmad, Yahia Nasser Mabkhot, Sami Bawazeer, Nadia Riaz, Bates Kudaibergenova Malikovna, Zainab M. Almarhoon, Ahmed Al-Harrasi
Mentha longifolia like other members of this family is used as a domestic herbal remedy, the whole plant is used as a medicine and sometimes rhizomes of the plant is also used [30]. A tea made from the leaves has traditionally been used to treat of fevers, headaches, digestive disorders and various minor ailments [31]. Moreover, the essential oil of this plant has numerous applications like anti-microbial activity, decongestant, anti-spasmodic effects, etc. The medicinal properties include diuretic effects [32], carminative, stomachic, digestive health improver and anti-inflammatory agent in folk medicines [33]. The essential oils and methanol extract of M. longifolia L. have reported for their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties [34]. The essential oil of M. longifolia L. also possess calcium channel blocking activity [35], hepatoprotective [36] and insecticidal activities [37]. Literature showed that two main classes, terpenoids and flavonoids, have been reported from M. longifolia [38–40]. The antimicrobial activities for these two class have also been reported [41]. Javed et al. synthesized AgNPs of M. longifolia to check their inhibitory potential against various bacterial strains [42]. Here, we report the rapid green synthesis of AgNPs and AuNPs using M. longifolia leaves extracts and examined their in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities and also study their analgesic activities in mice.
Quality Control Standardization and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Potential of Daruhaldi (Berberis aristata DC) Stem Bark
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2020
Mohammad Irfan Khan, Md. Azizur Rahman, Mohammad Khalid, Mohammad Khushtar, Md. Mujahid
Berberis aristata DC belonging to the family Berberidaceae is mainly found in the Himalayan region from the Garhwal region to the Bhutan region. It is a very important source of an Unani drug, specifically Zarishk. It is commonly known as Daruhaldi (in Hindi), Zarishk (in Unani), Daruharidra (in Sanskrit), and Indian berberry (in English) (Indian Council of Medical Research 2004). It is used as a bitter tonic, stomachic, cholagogue, antipyretic, diaphoretic, laxative, and antiseptic and is given externally for painful eyes, hemorrhoids, and indolent ulcers (Indian Council of Medical Research 2004). Its bark is also used as antidiabetic and antimalarial (Malhotra and Balodi 1984; Srivastava et al. 1986; Jha et al. 1997; Semwal et al. 2008). Bark of this plant contains isoquinoline alkaloids as well as berberine (the yellow alkaloid) and kakrachine, berbamine, aromaline, palmatine, oxyberberine, oxyacanthine, jatrorrhizine, and taxilamine (Chakravarti et al. 1950). Hence, B. aristata DC bark was evaluated in the present study for its quality control and antimicrobial potential.