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Care of the Hospitalized Child
Published in Praveen S. Goday, Cassandra L. S. Walia, Pediatric Nutrition for Dietitians, 2022
Anushree Algotar, Anna Tuttle, Mark R. Corkins
Oral feeding is always preferred and recommended if the swallowing mechanism and the gastrointestinal tract are intact. Certain circumstances may limit oral nutrition intake. Oropharyngeal dysphagia with concerns for aspiration, neurological abnormalities affecting deglutition, and gastrointestinal dysmotility may make oral feedings unsafe.
Benign oesophageal obstruction
Published in David Westaby, Martin Lombard, Therapeutic Gastrointestinal Endoscopy A problem-oriented approach, 2019
Oesophageal dysphagia is characterized by a sensation of hindrance to the passage of food or fluid within 10 seconds or so of leaving the mouth – the maximum time normally taken for oesophageal transit. Clinicians recognize oropharyngeal dysphagia by the description of difficulty in transfer of food from the mouth to the oesophagus, associated with other symptoms such as regurgitation through the nose, nasal speech and coughing during swallowing. This is neuromuscular in origin, not generally amenable to endoscopic therapy, and will not be further discussed.
Instrumental assessment and skill-based dysphagia rehabilitation following stroke
Published in Margaret Walshe, Maggie-Lee Huckabee, Clinical Cases in Dysphagia, 2018
Lucy Greig, Kristin Gozdzikowska, Maggie-Lee Huckabee
VFSS had been undertaken two months previously. This was not initially repeated because there had been limited symptomatic improvement and no reported clinical change in swallowing performance on FEES one month later, and swallowing elicitation frequency was low. Although his CN exam and behavioural assessment were not inconsistent with weakness as an underlying aetiology, strength-based rehabilitation had not been effective. In addition, a presentation of nasal redirection, paired with a site of lesion in the brainstem, raised concerns that the primary deficit may not be weakness, but rather a deficit of motor planning for swallowing. Importantly, adverse effects have been reported with strengthening exercises, such as effortful swallowing (Garcia et al. 2004) and current research is highlighting improvements based on skill, rather than strength, training (Athukorala et al. 2014; Humbert & German 2013). Thus, skill-based rehabilitation for oropharyngeal dysphagia was undertaken to improve volitional control of swallowing elicitation and improve precision in motor control of timing and relative strength of swallowing.
The prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 2022
Wenyan Li, Mingjing Gao, Jin Liu, Fengwa Zhang, Rongjing Yuan, Qingling Su, Yetong Wang, Yanhong Wang
Observational study (cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies).The subjects were patients with COPD (Diagnostic criteria for the GOLD guidelines [11]: the presence of progressive dyspnea, chronic cough, and expectoration; A history of exposure to risk factors; Pulmonary function tests: FEV1/FVC < 0.7 after inhalation of bronchodilators suggests continued airflow limitation, among other conditions that can cause continued airflow limitation.Assess for oropharyngeal dysphagia.
Measuring the social impact of contemporary dysphagia research: an altmetric analysis
Published in Speech, Language and Hearing, 2022
A systematic search of Altmetric Explorer (Altmetric, London, UK) was conducted on 7 October 2019, using the search term ‘dysphagia’ to identify the top 100 articles with the highest AAS discussing any topic specific to dysphagia. Dysphagia’ was selected as the sole search term. The search engine, Altmetric Explorer, does not permit a search with multiple terms. Thus, the search was restricted to a single word (i.e., dysphagia). Furthermore, pilot searches established that articles generated under alternative terms such as ‘swallowing’ or ‘deglutition’ yielded unsuitable articles (e.g., sword swallowing) which did not discuss swallowing from a medical perspective. Authors decided not to focus exclusively on oropharyngeal dysphagia and to include oesophageal dysphagia for the purpose of this study. This was due to the growing awareness of the strong inter-relationship between all phases of swallowing and the increasing number of research studies which include both oropharyngeal and oesophageal phases of swallowing.
The Test of Masticating and Swallowing Solids (TOMASS): Normative data for two crackers available in the Scandinavian and international markets
Published in International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2021
Patricia Hägglund, Sandra Blom, Patrik Thoden, Fredrik Karlsson
Oropharyngeal dysphagia refers to swallowing dysfunction in the oral cavity or the pharynx. Accurate identification of dysfunction is crucial for minimising dysphagia-related complications such as malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia (Altman, Yu, & Schaefer, 2010; Martino et al., 2005; Serra-Prat et al., 2012). Oropharyngeal dysphagia is commonly assessed in one of three ways: screening, clinical assessment or instrumental assessment, or in a three-step approach where all three ways are included (Baijens et al., 2016). Although instrumental swallowing assessment techniques (e.g. videofluoroscopic or videoendoscopic assessments) are considered to have the highest diagnostic value (Baijens et al., 2016; Langmore, 2003), the availability of these techniques varies across countries due to both social and economic conditions as well as the existing health policies. In addition, most screening tools and clinical assessments use liquid when assessing the oropharyngeal swallowing, whereas there is a lack of objective and quantifiable clinical measures for assessing the oral preparatory and oral transit part of swallowing when ingesting solid food.