China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Do I Have IBS?
Published in Melissa G. Hunt, Aaron T. Beck, Reclaim Your Life From IBS, 2022
Melissa G. Hunt, Aaron T. Beck
Microscopic colitis (MC) is another form of inflammatory bowel disease. The main symptoms are, of course, watery diarrhea and abdominal pain. There are two types of microscopic colitis – lymphocytic and collagenous. In the collagenous type, a thick layer of protein (or collagen) develops in the tissues of the colon. In the lymphocytic type, white blood cells proliferate in the tissues of the colon. It is not known whether these are truly two different subtypes or two stages of the same inflammatory process. In both cases, the symptom overlap with IBS is considerable. A number of studies have suggested that it is very difficult to distinguish IBS and microscopic colitis on the basis of symptom presentation alone. Indeed, many patients with histologically proven microscopic colitis will also technically meet diagnostic criteria for IBS.
The lower gastrointestinal tract, common conditions, and recommended treatments
Published in Simon R. Knowles, Laurie Keefer, Antonina A. Mikocka-Walus, Psychogastroenterology for Adults, 2019
Microscopic colitis is another condition characterised by inflammation of the large bowel, resulting in non-bloody watery diarrhoea. Unlike UC and CD, the inflammatory changes associated with microcytic colitis are very subtle and can only be detected under the microscope. There are two variants, collagenous colitis and lymphocytic colitis, which are differentiated by their microscopic appearance (collagenous colitis has a thickened collagen layer of the bowel lining, whereas lymphocytic colitis has increased intraepithelial lymphocytes). It is diagnosed by taking biopsies of the large bowel during colonoscopy.
Inflammatory bowel disease
Published in Michael JG Farthing, Anne B Ballinger, Drug Therapy for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, 2019
Elizabeth Carty, Anne B Ballinger
Some patients have a mixed form with both thickening of the collagenous plate and an increased number of intraepithelial lymphocytes.89 Microscopic colitis is characterized by non-bloody chronic watery diarrhoea. Diarrhoea is the result of decreased absorption of water and electrolytes, which is thought to occur secondary to the inflammatory cell infiltrate. The colon appears normal on barium enema examination and, at colonoscopy, and the diagnosis is made by histological examination of colonic biopsies. The aetiology of collagenous and lymphocytic colitis is unknown and the two conditions may represent two distinct disease entities. Collagenous colitis has been reported after long-term NSAID use and diarrhoea may improve with drug cessation.
Abnormal findings on abdominopelvic cross-sectional imaging in patients with microscopic colitis: a retrospective, multicenter study
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2022
Andree H. Koop, Ahmed Salih, Mohamed Omer, Josh Kwon, Hassan M. Ghoz, Matthew McCann, June Tome, William C. Palmer, Darrell S. Pardi, Fernando F. Stancampiano
Patients with microscopic colitis may have increased risk for the development of inflammatory bowel disease [20]. Microscopic colitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) share similar pathogenic mechanisms, and some investigators have suggested microscopic colitis is an attenuated form of IBD which can progress to ‘classical’ IBD in some patients. A recent nationwide cohort study demonstrated a 17-fold increase in risk of IBD in patients with microscopic colitis [20]. However, other studies have demonstrated development of IBD is rare in the 3 years following diagnosis of microscopic colitis [21,22]. Overall, between 1.2–2.1% of patients with microscopic colitis are estimated to have a diagnosis of IBD. Of the 576 patients identified with microscopic colitis in this study, 43 (7.5%) were excluded for a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. The higher percentage of patients with IBD identified in this study may reflect the study population, a group of patients evaluated at tertiary medical centers for chronic diarrhea.
Microscopic colitis: controversies in clinical symptoms and autoimmune comorbidities
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2021
Istvan Fedor, Eva Zold, Zsolt Barta
The disease was described in the 1970s. The exact pathophysiology is not yet elucidated [6]. Several factors thought to be associated with an increased risk of microscopic colitis (MC). Most widely known are medications [proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs)] [3,7]. Pre-existing autoimmune diseases could also raise the possibility of developing MC. There were reports on smoking and the increased risk of MC [8–10]. Genetic factors were proposed in the disease risk as well [11,12]. There are shared HLA-alleles with certain autoimmune diseases [12]. The inheritable nature of MC is indicated by the increased incidence in families [13]. The underlying cause of the condition is likely to be multifactorial [2]. The disease is managed effectively with budesonide, which is considered to be the drug of choice [14].
Faecal microbiota transfer in patients with microscopic colitis – a pilot study in collagenous colitis
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2020
Savanne Holster, Julia Rode, Johan Bohr, Ashok Kumar Kumawat, Gábor Veress, Elisabeth Hultgren Hörnquist, Robert Jan Brummer, Julia König
Microscopic colitis (MC) is a chronic inflammatory disease mostly diagnosed in middle-aged or elderly women. Although MC does not lead to increased mortality, patients suffer from chronic watery diarrhoea, abdominal pain and weight loss, which strongly affects their quality of life [1]. MC is primarily divided into the two entities collagenous colitis (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC). Both types are characterised by a macroscopically normal or almost normal mucosa; however, microscopically an increased number of lymphocytes can be observed. The colonic mucosa of CC patients also shows a thickened subepithelial collagen layer [2,3]. Currently, the most effective medication to treat MC is budesonide, a synthetic glucocorticoid. However, 80% of the patients relapse after ending the treatment and long-term use is associated with corticosteroids-associated side effects [4].