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Effect of Short-Chain Fatty Acids Produced by Probiotics
Published in Marcela Albuquerque Cavalcanti de Albuquerque, Alejandra de Moreno de LeBlanc, Jean Guy LeBlanc, Raquel Bedani, Lactic Acid Bacteria, 2020
Milena Fernandes da Silva, Meire dos Santos Falcão de Lima, Attilio Converti
Clostridium propionicum and members of the genera Propionibacterium, Selenomonas, Veillonella, and Desulfovibrio are able to metabolize lactic acid produced by LABs to acetate and propionate, while Megasphaera elsdenii, Eubacterium hallii, Anaerostipes caccae, and some other clostridia do so to butyrate (Pessione et al. 2015).
Non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with Anti-PD1 immunotherapy show distinct microbial signatures and metabolic pathways according to progression-free survival and PD-L1 status
Published in OncoImmunology, 2023
David Dora, Balazs Ligeti, Tamas Kovacs, Peter Revisnyei, Gabriella Galffy, Edit Dulka, Dániel Krizsán, Regina Kalcsevszki, Zsolt Megyesfalvi, Balazs Dome, Glen J. Weiss, Zoltan Lohinai
Next, we aimed to reveal differentially abundant taxa according to the presence of ICI adverse events (toxicity) and medications are taken before IT, including antibiotics, antacids, and steroids. Treatment toxicity was associated with a slight decrease in the abundance of genera Absiella and Blautia (Figure 5A) and a pronounced increase in the abundance of Prevotella dentalis (Figure 5A). Antibiotic treatment affected multiple taxa, significantly decreasing the abundance of Anaerostipes, Christensenella, Longibaculum, Lachnospira, Anaerostipes Hadrus, and Erysipelothrichaceae bacterium GAM147 (Figure 5B). In contrast, Eggerthella (E) and E. lenta, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Bacteroides xylanisolvens were significantly overrepresented in patients with a history of antibiotic treatment (Figure 5B). Antacid medication was associated with a modest decrease in Synergistetes phylum (Figure 5C) and a marked increase in species Streptococcus (S) equinus, S. parasanguinis, and S. salivarius (Figure 5C), whose increased abundance was also detected in short PFS patients (Figure 3A). The phylum Proteobacteria and its prominent genus Escherichia (E) and species E. coli were significantly more abundant in steroid-treated patients, similarly to Longibaculum and Erysipelothrichaceae bacterium GAM147 (Figure 5D).
A high-risk gut microbiota configuration associates with fatal hyperinflammatory immune and metabolic responses to SARS-CoV-2
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Werner C. Albrich, Tarini Shankar Ghosh, Sinead Ahearn-Ford, Flora Mikaeloff, Nonhlanhla Lunjani, Brian Forde, Noémie Suh, Gian-Reto Kleger, Urs Pietsch, Manuel Frischknecht, Christian Garzoni, Rossella Forlenza, Mary Horgan, Corinna Sadlier, Tommaso Rochat Negro, Jérôme Pugin, Hannah Wozniak, Andreas Cerny, Ujjwal Neogi, Paul W. O’Toole, Liam O’Mahony
We did not perform 16S amplicon sequencing on the healthy controls in this study as we did not have fecal samples from them. However, we have compared the COVID-19 patient 16S microbiome composition data to that of the healthy control 16S sequence data from two cohorts recently published from our group.28,29 Merging these two control cohorts gave us 531 genus-level microbiome profiles of fecal samples of control individuals of European ancestry with a similar age range to the COVID-19 patients in our current study. Using the median kendall distances of the genus-level profiles, the high-risk MicrobiomeGroup 1 had significantly higher distances from the healthy reference controls, compared to the low-risk MicrobiomeGroup 2 (Figure S10(a)). This can also be observed across the PCo1 landscape (Figure S10(b)). There were seven genera whose loss was associated with increase in distance from the healthy reference (Figure S10(c)). These were Anaerostipes, Ruminococcus_2, Faecalibacterium, Agathobacter, Ruminococcus_1, Bifidobacterium and Collinsella. The genera that are enriched with increase in distance from the healthy reference controls are Enterococcus, Coprobacter and Streptococcus.
Dietary advanced glycation end-products elicit toxicological effects by disrupting gut microbiome and immune homeostasis
Published in Journal of Immunotoxicology, 2021
In recent studies, aged male non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were treated by gavage with EGPs that contained only Amadori compounds generated from a WPI-glucose system (Chen et al. 2019). These EGP-treated mice had an increased survival rate and decreased inflammation and immune infiltration into their prostatic lobes (Chen, Guo, et al. 2020). When the microbial taxa at the genus level were compared, EGP treatment led to increases in gut levels of Anaerostipes, Parabacteroides, Prevotella, Allobaculum, and Bacteroides, but decreases in Adlercreutzia and Roseburia (in terms of relative abundance; Table 1). The up-regulated Bacteroides acidifaciens was correlated with most of the immune parameters measured in the rats. Anaerostipes spp. express enzymes required for the production of butyrate that protects NOD mice against diabetes (Mariño et al. 2017), and it is associated with a reduction of plasma glucose, insulin resistance, and body weight in diabetic mice fed with a high-fat diet (Xu et al. 2018). Bacteroides acidifaciens is important for promoting IgA production in the large intestine, and it is a potential treatment for metabolic diseases like obesity (Yanagibashi et al. 2013). Overall, EGP-treated mice exhibited a healthier GMB than that of the controls.