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Heart Disease
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Heart disease, also known as cardiovascular disease, comprises a range of conditions such as heart attack, heart failure, coronary or valvular heart disease, arrythmias, cardiomyopathies, and congenital heart defects. Heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the U.S. The most common cause of heart disease is coronary artery disease, which is narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries. Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease also comprises the most common cause of cardiovascular disability. Specific treatment is contingent on the type of heart disease diagnosed.
Deep Learning to Diagnose Diseases and Security in 5G Healthcare Informatics
Published in K. Gayathri Devi, Kishore Balasubramanian, Le Anh Ngoc, Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques for Medical Science, 2022
In the country and around the world, heart disease remains the major cause of death among men and women. ECGs, the fastest and most basic measure of heart function, can help avoid heart attacks and reduce mortality.
Diseases of the Heart
Published in Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson, Physical Activity and Rehabilitation in Life-threatening Illness, 2021
Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson
The leading cause of death in the United States, and worldwide, is cardiovascular disease.1,2 Several mechanisms can lead to morbidity and mortality from heart disease including heart failure, cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, and myocardial infarction, with coronary artery disease being the most prevalent.2 Primary risk factors for the development of heart disease include hypertension, high cholesterol, and tobacco use disorder, while additional secondary risk factors include a history of diabetes, elevated body mass index (BMI), and lifestyle choices including suboptimal diet, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol use.2,3 Health disparities associated with socioeconomic status and cardiovascular disease worldwide have been identified, and the majority of deaths, specifically premature deaths under the age of 70, occur in low to middle-income countries (Table 8.1).4
2022: the national institute of health and responding to new forms of childhood adversity
Published in Children's Health Care, 2023
Daniel P. Gitterman, William W. Hay, W. Scott Langford
Child health care researchers and practitioners have a responsibility to ensure the health of the pediatric population. An important new question is whether recent changes in the burden of childhood disease and disability are reflected in the National Institute of Health (NIH) allocation process. Existing and new childhood adversities pose deleterious consequences on health and well-being. Take the leading cause of death among children. In 2020, firearm injuries became the leading cause of death among children and adolescents, exceeding those caused by motor vehicle crashes. From 2019 to 2020, the relative increase in the rate of firearm deaths of all types (suicide, homicide, unintentional, and undetermined) among children and adolescents was 29.5% – more than twice as high as the relative increase in the general population (Goldstick, Cunningham, & Carter, 2022). Understanding emerging child health challenges which pose the greatest threat to health and wellbeing can help NIH leaders decide how to use limited resources for maximum benefit. We offer an update on the NIH child health research portfolio and conclude that we might realign priorities to address new forms of childhood adversity.
Living with a Smoker and Physical Inactivity across Eight Years in High-Risk Medical Patients
Published in Behavioral Medicine, 2022
Charles J. Holahan, Carole K. Holahan, Sangdon Lim, Daniel A. Powers, Rebecca J. North
The present study broadens research on living with a smoker and obesity-related health risk behaviors3,4 by applying it to physical inactivity in high-risk medical patients with a history of cancer or cardiovascular disease.5,7,8 In addition, this study extends the time frame of research on living with a smoker in predicting physical inactivity to eight years. The Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) Observational Study, with its large sample size, minority representation comparable to the U.S. population by age, and long duration,15 presents a unique opportunity to examine living with a smoker and physical inactivity in a large sample of middle-aged and older women with histories of cancer or cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the number one and number two causes of death among women in the developed world.16,17 Moreover, physical inactivity is higher in women than men, especially among older women.8 Women, along with children, also have the greatest exposure to secondhand smoke worldwide,18 with more than a third of female nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke.19
Potential Protective Effect of Spirulina Platensis on Sodium Arsenite Induced Cardiotoxicity in Male Rats
Published in Tissue Barriers, 2022
Amal Albtoosh, Fardous Karawya, Wesam Al-Naymat, Aiman Al-Qaitat
One of the most common causes of death worldwide is cardiovascular diseases. The problem of heart disease is a substantial public concern. According to Ministry of Health in Jordan, the top four leading causes of death in Jordan are: Circulatory system diseases (39.1%), Neoplasm’s (16.5%), External causes of mortality (8.2%), Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (8.1%).28 Furthermore, the prevalence of IHD in Jordan accounts for 54.7 of the annual deaths according to The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME).29 The potential protective effects of Spirulina have been studied in many different tissues;22–24 however, to the best of our knowledge it is the first time to study its beneficial effects on the cardiac tissue. In view of the potential beneficial effects and antioxidant properties of spirulina, the present study was designed to evaluate its effects on arsenic-induced cardiotoxicity in young male albino rats.