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Sonography in Male Infertility
Published in Asim Kurjak, Ultrasound and Infertility, 2020
The seminal vesicles are important in the elaboration of the seminal plasma, and their secretions form up to 80% of the total ejaculate. Abnormal fructose metabolism in the seminal vesicle may contribute to the inadequate storage capacity and diminished number of spermatozoa available for fertilization. Decreased volume capacity of seminal vesicles in chronic inflammation can lead to relative infertility with normal spermiogenesis. Residual fibrotic tissue, after acute vesiculitis, can result in stenosis or stricture of the vesiculoprostatic segment. On the longitudinal suprapubic scan (Figure 4), the seminal vesicles appear as small ovoid hypoechoic formations, placed cranially to the prostate. Transversal scans show two small ovoid hypoechogenic areas near the posterior detrusor wall. Sometimes they have asymmetric features, but echogenicity must be equal. The presence of internal echoes and hyper- or hypoechogenicity of the capsule are the pathological findings. Correct sonographic diagnosis of seminal vesicle diseases can be established in 92% of patients with the transrectal approach, while suprapubic sonography enables diagnosis8 in 68% patients. The technique of sonographic exploration and volumetry also has been described.1,8,9 Congenital absence of the vas and seminal vesicles may occur as an isolated anatomical defect (Figures 6 to 8).
Reproductive system
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
The seminal vesicles are two pouches that lie on the posterior aspect of the bladder. Their lower part narrows and opens onto two short ducts that join with the deferent ducts to form the ejaculatory ducts, which pass forwards and downwards, to open into the prostate gland.
Genitalia
Published in Shiv Shanker Pareek, The Pictorial Atlas of Common Genito-Urinary Medicine, 2018
Seminal vesicles – these are paired glands located on the posteroinferior aspect of the urinary bladder. A major part of the fluid in semen is secreted by these glands. The secretion is alkaline in nature and contains fructose.
Development, evaluation, pharmacokinetic and biodistribution estimation of resveratrol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for prostate cancer targeting
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2022
Alok Nath Sharma, Prabhat Kumar Upadhyay, Hitesh Kumar Dewangan
When cells in the body begin to grow out of control, called as cancer. Cancer cells can develop in practically any part of the body and spread to other parts of the body. When cells in the prostate gland begin to grow out of control, prostate cancer develops. The prostate gland is only found in men. It produces some of the fluid found in sperm (Ostrom et al.2014). The prostate is located beneath the bladder (a hollow organ that stores urine) and in front of the rectum (the last part of the intestines). Seminal vesicles, located just behind the prostate, produce the majority of the fluid for semen. The urethra, the tube that transports urine and sperm out of the body through the penis, runs through the prostate’s core. Older males and non-Hispanic Black men are more prone to acquire prostate cancer. Men aged 65 and up account for about 6 out of every 10 instances. It is a diverse disease, with incidence rates ranging from 6.3 to 83.4 per 100,000 individuals around the world (Wang et al.2012).
Correlation of the Grade Group of Prostate Cancer according to the International Society of Urological Pathology (Isup) 2014 Classification between Prostate Biopsy and Radical Prostatectomy Specimens
Published in Cancer Investigation, 2021
Serkan Akan, Caner Ediz, M. Cihan Temel, Ferhat Ates, Omer Yilmaz
Open radical retropubic prostatectomy was performed in all patients with the patient in dorsal decubitus and Trendelenburg position. After routine lower midline incision, endopelvic fascia was opened and the puboprostatic ligaments were divided. The dorsal venous complex was controlled and the urethra was exposed meticulously. We used the electrocautery minimally in these steps in order to protect the nerves and the erectile function. The prostate was dissected from the rectum posteriorly with blunt and sharp dissection. The seminal vesicles and the ejaculatory ducts were identified. The lateral prostate pedicles were ligated separately with 2/0 Vicryl sutures. The bladder neck was opened near the prostate tissue and the prostate was resected. Bladder neck was reconstructed if needed. The urethrovesical anastomosis was constructed with a Foley catheter placed and the catheter was removed on the postoperative day 14.
Value of clinical parameters and MRI with PI-RADSV2 in predicting seminal vesicle invasion of prostate cancer
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Urology, 2021
Bumjin Lim, Se Young Choi, Yoon Soo Kyung, Dalsan You, In Gab Jeong, Jun Hyuk Hong, Hanjong Ahn, Choung-Soo Kim
However, it is difficult to accurately predict SVI before pathologic analysis. The risk of SVI is usually determined according to preoperative information [21]. There have been several studies on the prediction of SVI before surgery [22,23]. Although transrectal ultrasound-guided seminal vesicle biopsy has been suggested [10,24], this method is invasive and difficult for many patients. Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish between SVI and intraprostatic ejaculatory duct invasion as the lining epithelium has the same histological appearance in core needle biopsied tissues. Moreover, the limited efficacy of seminal vesicle biopsies is due to low incidence of SVI, occasional false positives, and its low sensitivity. These methods are also recommended for high-risk groups but do not provide more accurate information than standard clinical information. Therefore, the clinical risk of SVI is currently based on clinical parameters such as the clinical stage, serum PSA levels, and GS of biopsy specimens and tools such as the Kattan nomogram, Partin tables, and Roach formula [15–17].