China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Adverse Reactions to Antibiotics in the Critical Care Unit
Published in Cheston B. Cunha, Burke A. Cunha, Infectious Diseases and Antimicrobial Stewardship in Critical Care Medicine, 2020
Diane M. Parente, Cheston B. Cunha, Michael Lorenzo
Ciprofloxacin use has been associated with central nervous system (CNS) adverse effects, including headache and seizures (1%‒2% of recipients) [108]. The incidence is greater in patients with renal insufficiency. Hallucinations, slurred speech, and confusion have been described and generally resolve rapidly once ciprofloxacin is discontinued.
Cystic diseases of the kidney
Published in J Kellogg Parsons, E James Wright, The Brady Urology Manual, 2019
Renal insufficiency: At birth, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine may be normal, but will start rising after 48 hours.
Nutrition, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Kidney Failure
Published in David Heber, Zhaoping Li, Primary Care Nutrition, 2017
The most common cause of chronic renal insufficiency is diabetes (Vallon and Thomson 2012). After 10–20 years of diabetes mellitus, approximately 20% of patients with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus develop diabetic nephropathy, making diabetes mellitus the leading cause of ESRD. Both genetic and environmental factors determine which patients eventually develop diabetic nephropathy, and there remains a need for research to better understand the pathophysiology and molecular pathways that lead from the onset of hyperglycemia to renal failure. Changes in the vasculature and the glomerulus, including those to mesangial cells, the filtration barrier, and podocytes, play important roles in the pathophysiology of the diabetic kidney.
Analysis of the clinical characteristics of tigecycline-induced hypofibrinogenemia
Published in Journal of Chemotherapy, 2023
Haibo Lei, Xiang Liu, Zuojun Li, Chunjiang Wang
Acute or chronic renal insufficiency often occurs at the same time in some patients. Joan et al. found that 30% of tigecycline accumulated in patients with severe renal insufficiency [26]. Renal impairment has been suggested to be a risk factor for tigecycline-induced hypofibrinogenemia. Zhang et al. found that renal failure (whether requiring dialysis or not requiring dialysis) was a risk factor for tigecycline-induced hypofibrinogenemia (OR [95% CI]: 2.450 [1.335-4.496]) [23]. David et al. found that renal impairment was not related to a higher risk of FIB decreases in a real-world setting [22]. However, they still consider renal insufficiency to be a possible risk factor due to its clinical relevance. Based on reports of tigecycline-induced hypofibrinogenemia, we found that renal insufficiency may be a risk factor for hypofibrinogenemia induced by tigecycline. Further study is needed to verify the relationship between tigecycline-induced hypofibrinogenemia and renal function.
A new model to predict acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery in patients with renal insufficiency
Published in Renal Failure, 2022
Xijian Wang, Naifeng Guo, Ying Chen, Houyong Dai
With the rapid growth of the aging population and the increasing number of chronic diseases, such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes, more and more patients with renal insufficiency will be referred to cardiac surgery [1–4]. Whereas, the reduction of renal function reserve as a result of underlying chronic kidney disease (CKD) makes the kidney more vulnerable to this operation. The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery varies from 7% to 40%, and about 1% of them need renal replacement therapy (RRT) [5–7]. Obviously, the prevalence will be more serious in renal insufficiency patients, especially in patients with CKD stages 3–4 due to the lack of renal function reserve. The development of AKI requiring RRT is associated with worse postoperative outcomes and higher costs in patients undergoing cardiac surgery [8]. Therefore, given the importance to patients and cost implications of RRT, there is an urgent need to predict the occurrence of AKI, especially in patients with renal insufficiency.
Role of point-of-care arterial blood potassium in diagnosing pseudohyperkalemia
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2022
Ghulam Mujtaba Ghumman, Abdul Baqi, Abid Nawaz Khan Adil, Vinod Khatri
We highlight the use of POC potassium in diagnosing pseudohyperkalemia. The use of arterial blood in heparinized arterial blood gas syringes with immediate POC analysis can prevent cell lysis and reflect true in vivo potassium levels. This occurs due to lack of tourniquet use with arterial sampling, no vacutainer use, absence of pneumatic tube transport, early analysis, and thus less chance of leukocyte destruction. This phenomenon has been described by Ruddy et al, who reported a discrepancy between arterial and venous potassium levels due to pseudohyperkalemia. In their case, the arterial blood was also sent to the laboratory for analysis immediately after collection to target the minimum sample-to-analysis time.7 It is important to look for other causes of hyperkalemia in these patients, as tumor lysis syndrome can also occur and lead to hyperkalemia. Renal insufficiency is another cause in these patients. The presence of normal levels of uric acid, calcium, phosphate, and creatinine ruled out these causes.