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An Introduction to Metabolic Medicine
Published in Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson, Optimizing Metabolic Status for the Hospitalized Patient, 2023
Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson
Other examples of nutritional disease prevention come from the control of inherited metabolic disease. In phenylketonuria, neurologic manifestations can be reduced or eliminated by avoiding dietary phenylalanine (Macleod and Ney 2010; Rocha and MacDonald 2016). Adding folate to the diets of pregnant women reduces the occurrence of neural tube defects (Ryan-Harshman and Aldoori 2008; Greenberg et al. 2011). A similar potential may exist for adding nicotinamide during gestation to prevent congenital defects of vertebral, anal, cardiac, tracheo-esophageal, renal and limb origin (Shi et al. 2017).
The Use of Capillaroscopy and Aggregometry Methods to Diagnose the Alterations of Microcirculation and Microrheology in Diabetes
Published in Andrey V. Dunaev, Valery V. Tuchin, Biomedical Photonics for Diabetes Research, 2023
Andrei E. Lugovtsov, Yury I. Gurfinkel, Petr B. Ermolinskiy, Anastasia A. Fabrichnova, Alexander V. Priezzhev
The most common and important metabolic diseases are type 1 and type 2 DM. The basis of the pathogenesis of type 1 DM (T1DM) is the autoimmune destruction of the ß-cells of the pancreas, which leads to an absolute deficiency of insulin and, as a result, severe hyperglycemia.
Exercise testing in obesity
Published in R. C. Richard Davison, Paul M. Smith, James Hopker, Michael J. Price, Florentina Hettinga, Garry Tew, Lindsay Bottoms, Sport and Exercise Physiology Testing Guidelines: Volume II – Exercise and Clinical Testing, 2022
David Broom, Matthew Capehorn, Anna Myers
Metabolic syndrome is the medical term for a combination of diabetes, high blood pressure (hypertension) and central obesity, all of which puts the person at greater risk of cardio-renal metabolic disease. Evidence also suggests that people with obesity are 14 times more likely to develop knee osteoarthritis (Arthritis Research Campaign, 2020). People with obesity may have a range of comorbidities; therefore, the reader is encouraged to read related chapters on these.
Response to fumaric acid esters for plaque type psoriasis in real-world practice is largely independent of patient characteristics at baseline – a multivariable regression analysis from the German Psoriasis Registry PsoBest
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Kristian Reich, Ulrich Mrowietz, Christina Sorbe, Ralph von Kiedrowski, Sebastian Diemert, Lisa Schaeffer, Natalia Kirsten, Nesrine Ben-Anaya, Matthias Augustin
Data on comorbidity are collected in PsoBest using prelisted diseases or disease clusters. Additional comorbidities may be recorded using free text. Cardiovascular disease (prelisted in the CRF) captures peripheral artery occlusive disease, heart failure, coronary heart disease, thrombosis, hypertension and cerebrovascular disease. Metabolic disease includes diabetes mellitus type I and type II, disorders of lipid metabolism and hyperuricemia. Psychiatric or addictive disease includes depression, sleep apnea syndrome (following the classification of system organ class of Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) at time of CRF development) and alcohol abuse. Liver disease encompasses liver cirrhosis, hepatic steatosis and chronic liver damage. Further details on the registry have been published before (25). The evaluation was carried out according to the Declaration of Helsinki, the EU directive on data protection and the guidelines of good clinical practice.
Impact of Global Consensus Statement on compliance with hormonal therapy for surgical menopause
Published in Climacteric, 2022
K. Techatraisak, M. Rattanachaiyanont, P. Tanmahasamut, S. Indhavivadhana, T. Wongwananuruk, P. Jirakittidul
Table 1 presents the characteristics of the 655 surgically menopausal Thai women. All participants had a mean age at surgery of 42.8 ± 4.7 years and a mean age at registration of 44.9 ± 5.4 years. They had a mean body mass index of 24.0 ± 4.0 kg/m2, which was in the overweight classification according to the World Health Organization (WHO) Asia Pacific body mass index cut-off point (≥23 kg/m2). The minority of patients (2.4%) identified themselves as having an insufficient income. Almost one-third of the patients had underlying metabolic diseases. Most bilateral oophorectomy was in conjunction with a total hysterectomy (data not shown). The three main indications of surgery were uterine causes (i.e. leiomyoma or adenomyosis, 85.6%), ovarian causes (11.0%) and endometrial hyperplasia (1.7%).
The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipid metabolism of metabolic diseases
Published in International Reviews of Immunology, 2019
Yan Chen, Chun-Yan Yu, Wei-Min Deng
The definition of metabolic diseases includes all disorders that alter normal metabolism, the process of converting food to energy. Given the myriad enzymes and pathways involved in cellular metabolism, it is not surprising that metabolic diseases range from genetic diseases to lifestyle-related diseases [15]. Common metabolic diseases include obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, etc. The “re-discovery” of cancer as a metabolic disorder largely occurred in the last five years. However, there are very few studies about the roles of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lipid metabolism of cancer, which may be a potential research hotspot in future cancer studies since plenty of preclinical studies have focused attention on inflammation as a possible mechanism linking obesity with increased tumor burden. A number of metabolic diseases like obesity, atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), etc. have abnormal lipid metabolism. Therefore, in this review, on the one hand, we will discuss the effect of certain cytokines on the lipid metabolism of some non-cancer metabolic diseases; on the other hand, the influence of some cytokines (mainly including IL-6, TNF-α, IL-15 and IL-1) on lipid metabolism of cancer will also be briefly discussed. Based on the extent to which various cytokines have been reported and the closeness to lipid metabolism, we summarize recent decade progress of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipid metabolism of both non-cancer metabolic diseases (Figure 1) and cancer (Figure 2).