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Ayurveda and COVID-19
Published in Srijan Goswami, Chiranjeeb Dey, COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2, 2022
Inherent immunity is encoded in the genes.Health of the parents during conception and the health of the mother throughout pregnancy decide how sturdy the immune system of the child will be.Breast milk of the mother and colostrum are two major sources of immunity. Good health of the mother, proper lactation, and insistence on breastfeeding are essential parts of immunity building.Exposure to small doses of common pathogens during childhood activates the adaptive immune system and makes it robust.
Micronutrients
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
According to the U.S. Dietary Reference Intake, the daily adequate intake (AI) of vitamin K is 120 micrograms for men 19 years and older. For women including pregnant and lactating women, the amount is 90 micrograms/day; for infants 6–12 months, it is 2–2.5 micrograms/day; for children (1–13 years), the requirement is 30–60 micrograms/day; and for adolescents (14–18 years), it is 75 micrograms/day (82).
Transgender health in pregnancy and the postpartum period
Published in Nadia Barghouthi, Jessica Perini, Endocrine Diseases in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period, 2021
Postnatal care and lactationProviders should discuss preferred breastfeeding terminology with patients (e.g., breastfeeding, chestfeeding, nursing, or another term expressed by the patient).12Patients who have undergone gender-affirming top surgery may be able to chestfeed but may have to supplement with formula. If there is no history of gender-affirming mastectomy, chestfeeding is expected to be possible.Breast binding can slow or inhibit milk supply by mammary glands and ductal tissue. It can, however, increase the risk of duct blockage and mastitis.Patients may consider use of donor milk.Testosterone therapy is not recommended while nursing; however, one study showed that testosterone from pellet implants was not measurably excreted into breast milk.13
Effect of cold cabbage leaf application on breast engorgement and pain in the postpartum period: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Health Care for Women International, 2023
According to the International Lactation Consultant Association (ILCA), it is important to provide anticipatory guidance for common problems that can interfere with exclusive breastfeeding, with the acknowledgment that (1) nipple pain is an important problem and many mothers report mild discomfort at the beginning of feeding when the infant latches onto the breast; (2) all pain should be evaluated; (3) pain is often the result of ineffective positioning and latching; and (4) other causes such as bacterial or fungal infection should be considered (ILCA, 2020). The application of cold cabbage leaves has been shown to reduce pain and swelling (ILCA, 2020); however, its effectiveness in relieving breast engorgement has not been well studied (Snowden et al., 2001). Therefore, studies on the effect of cold cabbage leaf application on breast pain and engorgement were systematically compiled and analyzed by researchers.
Breast milk expression as a challenge for mothers of premature infants
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Emotional distress of mothers causes insufficient milk production because it suppresses the release of oxytocin, the hormone responsible for the milk release reflex. This can be an additional source of stress to mothers (Sisk et al. 2006). Mothers of infants in NICU may have difficulty in expressing milk, which causes insufficient milk production (Rossman et al. 2017). The initiation of milk expression for women who cannot breastfeed immediately after birth or who are not with their infants is a valuable care practice that increases the lactation success of preterm mothers (Thomson et al. 2013). Education, motivation and support for expressing breast milk are very important for its production (Fugate et al. 2015). Mothers who have a preterm delivery are recommended to begin expressing milk within the first six hours after birth (Parker et al. 2020).
The cardiovascular benefits of breastfeeding to mothers
Published in Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 2022
Lena Tschiderer, Peter Willeit, Sanne A. E. Peters
The benefits of breastfeeding for infants are widely known. However, the positive impacts of lactation on breastfeeding mothers are communicated to a lesser extent. A recent national survey in the United States revealed that only 38.5% of women are aware that breastfeeding is related to a decreased risk for breast cancer [18]. Improving communication strategies of beneficial aspects of breastfeeding not only for the child but also for the mother may increase rates of breastfeeding initiation and improve duration of breastfeeding. However, the reason why many mothers decide not to breastfeed or discontinue breastfeeding is not always intertwined with not willing to breastfeed [19]. In fact, many other determinants are linked to lactation behavior. For instance, opinions of close persons influence breastfeeding behavior such as experiences of relatives or attitudes of the mother’s partner [19]. Moreover, some women encounter negative experiences while breastfeeding in public places [19]. Another important factor is a woman’s work situation. No or short maternity leave and multifaceted pressure often lead to non-initiation or early discontinuation of breastfeeding [19].