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Ovarian Endometriosis
Published in Nazar N. Amso, Saikat Banerjee, Endometriosis, 2022
Ertan Saridogan, Erdinc Saridogan
The majority of endometriomas result in adherence of the ovary to the pelvic side wall and posterolateral uterine wall. Endometriosis is frequently found on the pelvic side wall where the ovary adheres to. These side wall lesions will need to be treated after separation of the ovary. Furthermore, endometriotic lesions and scarring on the pelvic side may cause ureteric stricture or obstruction, resulting in hydroureter/hydronephrosis. For this reason, diagnostic imaging during endometrioma assessment should include assessment of the kidneys.
Complications of open aortofemoral bypass
Published in Sachinder Singh Hans, Mark F. Conrad, Vascular and Endovascular Complications, 2021
Incidentally discovered asymptomatic postoperative hydroureter/hydronephrosis can often be managed conservatively, and spontaneous resolution is often seen (Figures 25.10 and 25.11). In patients who develop symptoms, such as pain, persistent infection, or deterioration in renal function, surgical management can include balloon dilation, ureterolysis, or ureter transection and re-anastomosis in a position superficial to the graft. In the rare instance when spontaneous massive hematuria is seen and a uretero-graft fistula is suspected, concomitant placement of a ureteral stent and graft endoprosthesis has been successfully described.63
Mechanical Disease
Published in Jeremy R. Jass, Understanding Pathology, 2020
The male urethra passes through the prostate gland which commonly undergoes enlargement in later life. The resulting distortion to the urethra will impede the outflow of urine from the bladder, and the latter may undergo progressive enlargement as complete emptying fails. Urine may also reflux back into the ureters causing hydroureter and ultimately hydronephrosis, in which the pelvis of the kidney becomes greatly dilated. Complications of this will include renal failure, ascending infection and the formation of stones within the renal pelvis.
Acute abdominal pain in non-pregnant endometriotic patients: not just dysmenorrhoea. A systematic review
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2021
Mohamed Mabrouk, Giulia Borghese, Eugenia Degli Esposti, Diego Raimondo, Valentino Remorgida, Alessandro Arena, Errico Zupi, Giulia Mattioli, Marco Ambrosio, Renato Seracchioli
Acute onset of urinary tract endometriosis is extremely rare. In the literature, we found three cases of acute kidney injury due to acute obstructive uropathy, which presented with acute abdominal pain (Table 3). Two out of three patients had a history of previous surgery for endometriosis, a bicornuate uterus and a solitary kidney (Gagnon et al. 2001; Pant et al. 2016). In all the cases, laboratory exams revealed acute renal failure, and imaging demonstrated mono or bilateral distal ureteral obstruction and hydroureter with hydronephrosis. Surgical exploration showed dense fibrosis and pelvic adhesions that constricted the single ureter or both ureters and that required double-J ureteral stenting or/and nephrostomy. After surgical debulking due to pelvic endometriosis, the three women had a regular recovery with normal renal function at a median follow-up of twelve months (range 3–24 months).
Urinary tract infection during pregnancy: current concepts on a common multifaceted problem
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2018
Kallirhoe Kalinderi, Dimitrios Delkos, Michail Kalinderis, Apostolos Athanasiadis, Ioannis Kalogiannidis
The prevalence of bacteriuria in pregnancy has been related to some risk factors (Matuszkiewicz-Rowińska et al. 2015) (Table 1). The more frequent risk factor which contributes to the bacteriuria in pregnancy is previous UTI, and one of the biggest risk factors for symptomatic infection is asymptomatic bacteriuria. Hydroureter, hydronephrosis are the most common anatomical while vesico-ureteric reflux are the commoner functional abnormalities in pregnancy that predispose to UTIs. Furthermore, pathogenic microorganisms associated with both symptomatic and asymptomatic bacteriuria are Escherichia coli, accounting for up to 86% of cases, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella spp, Enterobacter spp, Proteus spp, Enterococcus spp, group B Streptococcus, etc. (Sheiner et al. 2009; Celen et al. 2011; Ipe et al. 2013).
Severe ureteral endometriosis: frequency and risk factors
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2018
Diego Raimondo, Mohamed Mabrouk, Letizia Zannoni, Alessandro Arena, Margherita Zanello, Arianna Benfenati, Elisa Moro, Roberto Paradisi, Renato Seracchioli
Previous studies reported contrasting data regarding the prevalence of severe UE (Camanni et al. 2010; Uccella et al. 2014). In a large study of 627 women with DIE, Chapron et al. (2010) observed that only 29 cases (4.6%) had preoperative radiological findings of hydronephrosis. Likewise, in a prospective study, among 335 women with suspected pelvic endometriosis, only 14 (4.2%) cases with hydroureter were described on detailed ultrasound scan of urinary tract (Pateman et al. 2015). Conversely, Uccella et al. (2014) reported that, out of the 109 women undergoing a laparoscopic ureteral procedure (shaving or ureteral resection), 66 (60.5%) presented preoperative ultrasound features of hydronephrosis. This discrepancy of frequency of women with severe UE could be due to the different reasons: (i) study group enrolled for the analysis (for example, women with overall endometriosis, DIE or only with UE); (ii) diagnostic method performed to detect urinary involvement (for example, renal ultrasound, uro-CT or intraoperative detection); (iii) severity of the urinary clinical scenario being considered (ureteral compression, hydroureter or hydronephrosis).