China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Chronic Health Conditions and Mental Well-Being in Children and Young People
Published in Cathy Laver-Bradbury, Margaret J.J. Thompson, Christopher Gale, Christine M. Hooper, Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 2021
It is not difficult to imagine how a chronic illness could interfere with these important developmental changes. Integrating illness into a positive self-view may be difficult. Self-esteem could be affected if physical appearance is altered beyond the normal range of peers. Cystic fibrosis, for instance, may slow growth and delay puberty. Delayed puberty itself can lower self-esteem, particularly in boys, and result in the adolescent being treated in an inappropriately immature way (Suris et al., 2004).
Problems with puberty and its onset
Published in David J Cahill, Practical Patient Management in Reproductive Medicine, 2019
Scoring for the stages of puberty uses the Tanner classification, based on external features only. Early/precocious puberty is detected in girls when they reach the second Tanner stage for breast development before 8 years. In boys, it is detected when they reach the second Tanner stage for gonadal and genital growth before the age of 9 years. Central/true precocious puberty is gonadotrophin dependent; pseudoprecocious puberty is gonadotrophin independent. Delayed puberty in girls is recognised when puberty has not occurred by the age of 13 years. In boys, it is recognised when testicular enlargement beyond 4 mLs is absent at the age of 14 years. Delayed puberty and short stature occur more often in boys than girls. Conversely, early puberty and tall stature occur more often in girls. The breakdown of referrals for pubertal disorders is 30% delayed onset, and 70% early onset, but of this 70%, only half have true precocious puberty.
Endocrine system
Published in Aida Lai, Essential Concepts in Anatomy and Pathology for Undergraduate Revision, 2018
Gonadotrophin deficiencySymptoms in males: – impotence– testicular atrophy– reduced libidoSymptoms in females: – reduced libido– amenorrhoeaSymptoms in children: – delayed puberty
The First Ejaculation: A Male Pubertal Milestone Comparable to Menarche?
Published in The Journal of Sex Research, 2020
Regardless of the form in which thorarche occurs, there have been attempts to characterize the age of its occurrence in the past few decades. Laron et al. (1980) seem to be the first in mainstream scientific literature to introduce using the timing of the first ejaculation as a measure of male puberty, proposed in Israel around the same time that Hirsch et al. (1979) renewed the use of the first spermaturia as a male maturity index. Laron et al. conducted routine physical examinations of 128 boys approaching puberty and asked if they had experienced ejaculation at each visit. It was concluded that thorarche occurs at a bone age of 13.5 ± 0.5 but does not particularly correspond with testicular volume, pubic hair, penile length, or chronological age, which ranged from 12–16 in boys with normal puberty and 14–19 in boys with delayed puberty.
Long non-coding RNAs MALAT1, MIAT and ANRIL gene expression profiles in beta-thalassemia patients: a cross-sectional analysis
Published in Hematology, 2019
Abeer Fakhr-Eldeen, Eman A. Toraih, Manal S. Fawzy
The following growth indicators were used: (a) height-for-age to identify children who are stunted or tall, (b) weight-for-age to assess whether a child is underweight or severely underweight, (c) weight-for-height to identify wasted children and those at risk of becoming overweight or obese, and (d) Body Mass Index (BMI)-for-age for screening the overweight and obesity. Growth charts specific for Egyptian children were used [data source: Diabetes Endocrine Metabolism Pediatric Unit of Cairo University Children's Hospital]. The z-scores were then estimated by applying standard equations provided by WHO [26]. Delayed puberty was diagnosed in boys and girls by absence of testicular development by age of 14 years and the absence of breast development by the age of 13 years respectively [27,28].
Considerations when treating male pubertal delay pharmacologically
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2022
The prevalence of pubertal delay in males has not been exhaustively studied. Based on the above-mentioned definition of delayed puberty, which is statistical, approximately 2.5% of male adolescents should experience a delayed puberty. Nevertheless, the actual prevalence is likely higher because transient forms may remain undiagnosed [17]. Late pubertal onset usually affects psychosocial well-being in male teenagers. Patients and their parents are often concerned about stature and genital development. Even though the condition is benign and transient in approximately 2/3 of the cases, it represents an important opportunity to diagnose an underlying illness [16].