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Evaluation of the Spine in a Child
Published in Nirmal Raj Gopinathan, Clinical Orthopedic Examination of a Child, 2021
Ashish Dagar, Sarvdeep Singh Dhatt, Deepak Neradi, Vijay G Goni
Whiplash injury can present with tenderness at the insertion of ligaments. The superior nuchal ligament is a continuation of the supraspinatus ligament in the cervical spine extending from T1 to the occiput in the midline. Tenderness of the nuchal ligament is seen in whiplash injury.
Patient’s story: symptoms
Published in Nicholas Summerton, Primary Care Diagnostics, 2018
Health beliefs can also impact on symptom reporting, as once a patient is labelled as ‘sick’ there is a tendency to underestimate symptoms in the period before they felt they became ill. This phenomenon has certainly been noted amongst patients with whiplash injury. Intriguingly, it also seems that informing healthy volunteers that they have just tested positive for a disease causes them to recall previously unreported symptoms that they had previously been told characterised that disease.
Acute neck pain and whiplash
Published in Michael Y. Wang, Andrea L. Strayer, Odette A. Harris, Cathy M. Rosenberg, Praveen V. Mummaneni, Handbook of Neurosurgery, Neurology, and Spinal Medicine for Nurses and Advanced Practice Health Professionals, 2017
Kelly Walters, John Lee, Honglian Huang
Whiplash has recently been defined by the Quebec Task Force as “an acceleration-deceleration mechanism of energy transfer to the neck. It may result from rear-end or side-impact motor vehicle collisions, but can also occur during diving or other mishaps” (Spitzer et al., 1995). The term whiplash describes both a mechanism of injury and the symptoms resulting from it (NAAS, 2003-2009). The impact may result in bony or soft-tissue injuries, which in turn may lead to a variety of clinical manifestations called whiplash-associated disorders (WADs) (Spitzer et al., 1995). The worldwide annual incidence of WAD ranges widely from 70 to 598 cases per 100,000 people (Spitzer et al., 1995; Quinlan et al., 2004; Cassidy et al., 2000; Otremski et al., 1989). WAD is the most common complaint after a motor vehicle accident (Versteegen et al., 2000). While most people recover quickly from whiplash injury, 4%–42% may describe symptoms years later (Eck et al., 2001). Whiplash symptoms that persist more than 6 months postinjury are considered chronic WAD (persistent symptoms) or late whiplash syndrome (persistent symptoms plus psychological emotional sequelae) (Kasch et al., 2001). Fully defining and treating whiplash can be a challenge as symptoms can vary to a large degree, and imaging is often normal.
A core outcome measurement set for whiplash associated disorders—Editorial
Published in European Journal of Physiotherapy, 2022
Progress in improving health outcomes after whiplash injury has been slow. The majority of treatments including physical and psychological approaches have mostly small effects on pain and disability [7,8]. Inconsistency and heterogeneity in the use of patient-reported outcome measures in clinical trials of treatments for WAD has hampered comparisons between clinical trials and limited capacity for data pooling in systematic reviews [9,10]. To address this problem, in 2017, we established an International Steering Committee that aimed to develop a Core Outcome Set (COS) for clinical trials of interventions for patients with WAD (the CATWAD initiative). The committee adhered to the recommendations of the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMETs), the protocol was registered in the COMET database and published in detail [11].
Management of whiplash-associated disorder in the Italian emergency department: the feasibility of an evidence-based continuous professional development course provided by physiotherapists
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Firas Mourad, Alberto Patuzzo, Andrea Tenci, Gianni Turcato, Agostino Faletra, Gianluca Valdifiori, Massimiliano Gobbo, Filippo Maselli, Giuseppe Milano
“Whiplash-associated disorder” (WAD) is an umbrella term used to label a variety of symptoms often reported by patients following an acceleration/deceleration injury to the neck that most commonly occurs as a result of a road traffic collision [1]. More than 85% of these patients experience posterior neck and shoulder pain [2]. Other common symptoms of WADs are cervical spine stiffness, headache, dizziness, numbness, sleeping difficulties, fatigue and cognitive deficits [3]. WAD is often associated with disability, psychological distress and decreased quality of life [1]. These latest non-physical components significantly contribute to either a delayed or incomplete recovery following a whiplash injury. They also lead to doubling the healthcare utilization, its related costs and to considerably longer sick-leave compared to those people presenting with only physical impairments [1,4,5].
What information do patients need following a whiplash injury? The perspectives of patients and physiotherapists
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2018
Annick Maujean, Joanna Sterling, Michele Sterling
The provision of reassurance is a recommended aspect of treatment intervention for whiplash injuries [24]. After a whiplash injury, many individuals are concerned about a number of issues such as the ongoing pain they may be experiencing, the possibility of not making a full recovery, and the fear of causing more damage to the injury [25]. Numerous studies have indicated that patient expectations of recovery predict recovery from a whiplash injury [26,27,5,28]. In fact, patients with a pessimistic approach to whiplash recovery are significantly more likely to experience chronic neck pain and affected work ability [29] and recover over three times slower than patients who expect to recover quickly from their injury [2]. Providing reassurance to patients about their symptoms and recovery may help in minimising pessimistic expectations. When health practitioners reassure and empathise with patients about their health issues, patients generally feel acknowledged, understood, and respected, hence they are more likely to engage with health practitioners and respond positively to treatment [29–31]. In line with this view, several physiotherapists in the current study indicated the importance for health practitioners to reassure patients about the various concerns they may have about their injury.