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Burns
Published in Dorian Hobday, Ted Welman, Maxim D. Horwitz, Gurjinderpal Singh Pahal, Plastic Surgery for Trauma, 2022
Dorian Hobday, Ted Welman, Maxim D. Horwitz, Gurjinderpal Singh Pahal
Post first aid and assessment, minor burns can be managed on an outpatient basis. Deroof blisters to allow proper assessment of depth and as they can act as a nidus for infection. Dress the burn appropriately and arrange a review in a burns clinic in 2–3 days to monitor healing. Burns can sometimes become infected – if you are asked to review a potentially infected burn then assess it as you would a cellulitis – looking for erythema around the burn, worsening pain and excessive warmth at the burn site. If there is systemic illness or deranged observations then bloods ± admission for IV antibiotics may be appropriate. If the infection appears minor then wash and dress with an antimicrobial dressing, prescribe oral antibiotics as per local guidelines, give safety net advice and follow up in 2–3 days.
Introduction
Published in Debbie Peet, Emma Chung, Practical Medical Physics, 2021
Debbie Peet, Emma Chung, Jasdip Mangat, Joanne Cowe
Hazards encountered in hospitals include radiation, chemicals and strong magnetic fields. Those that might be harmed include patients, individual health workers, entire groups of staff and members of the public. Evaluating risk usually involves establishing the likelihood that a hazard might cause harm. In healthcare, harm might be physical, psychological or institutional, ranging from minor injuries requiring first aid, to an increased risk of cancer, or death. Risks to the institution might include loss of public reputation or regulator confidence, disruption or closure of hospital services, or financial losses.
Triage
Published in Jan de Boer, Marcel Dubouloz, Handbook of Disaster Medicine, 2020
In situation (b) rescuers will usually meet casualties one by one reaching them over time and will initiate stabilising basic first aid procedures (stabilisation of clinical condition before transportation to AMP where emergency physicians will perform pre-hospital medical triage and initiate medical care).
Cardio-pulmonary-resuscitation for people who use a wheelchair and/or have an atypical chest shape: an educational intervention
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2023
Elisha M. Deegan, Annette Saunders, Nathan J. Wilson, Damhnat McCann
Globally, an estimated 15% of the total population have a disability, with 1.1–1.9 million people experiencing significant difficulties with independent function [1]. In Australia, 18.3% of the total population have a reported disability [2]. People with complex disabilities, many of whom use wheelchairs, are at very high risk of experiencing changes to their body shape and anatomical structure [3]. In addition, people with a disability who experience a limitation, or total inability, to change body positions readily, often have distortion to their body shape with atypical chest shapes a predictable outcome [4]. No endorsed policies, procedures, or guidelines currently exist to supplement the learning of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)—heart compression and airway management—or basic life support (BLS)—CPR plus first aid and choking management—for caregivers of someone with an atypical body shape and/or for people who are wheelchair users. This represents a major gap in knowledge and practice that places people with disability at an added disadvantage if the need arises for CPR. This study reports on the results of a small-scale educational intervention to supplement disability-specific content specific to people who use a wheelchair and/or have an atypical chest shape in an existing CPR training program.
Association of GPS-Based Logging and Manual Confirmation of the First Responders’ Arrival Time in a Smartphone Alerting System: An Observational Study
Published in Prehospital Emergency Care, 2022
Julian Ganter, Jan-Steffen Pooth, Domagoj Damjanovic, Georg Trummer, Hans-Jörg Busch, Klemens Baldas, Daniel Schmitz, Michael P. Müller
Arrival times are also detected by using an arrived button in the smartphone app. This feature allows first responders to press a dedicated button when they arrive at the emergency location. When a first responder presses the button and confirms having arrived, the respective time is saved in the app and transmitted to the dispatch center. Poor or lost network coverage of the first responder´s smartphone will not lead to transmission of incorrect data. The arrival time is transmitted to the backend system as soon as the connection is restored. The first responders are instructed to confirm their arrival at the time that they reach the patient. This includes the time spent walking upstairs to the specific floor or waiting until a flat door is opened. Sometimes a first responder might forget to press the button or might start first aid measures and confirm arrival later. To identify these cases, we included one question in the first responder questionnaire evaluating whether the arrival time was confirmed correctly.
Implementation of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Fine–Kinney method (FKM) against risk factors to determine the total cost of occupational health and safety precautions in environmental research laboratories
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
The risk of sharp object injuries was measured by multiplying the possibility (6), frequency (3) and effect (3) values by each other and calculated as 54 in the FKM (Table 15). The quantification of sharp object injuries was found as 54 and classified as a possible risk (Table 15). The sharp object injuries could be due to the sharp glass, metal, etc., objects used in the analysis, and minor loss/injury or first aid need may be required for laboratory personnel (Table 15). Occupational health and safety training and informative posters for all laboratory personnel in all studied laboratories should be provided against sharp object injuries (Table 15). Laboratory personnel must use PPEs (Table 15). The materials of the first-aid kit should always be checked (Table 15). The first-aid kit of six laboratories (L-1, L-5, L-6, L-7, L-10 and L-11) is out of date, excluding laboratories used as chemical depots (L-8, L-9 and L-12). Three of the laboratories (L-2, L-3 and L-4) do not have any first-aid kits and they must be supplied immediately. According to the HSE [17], after sharp objects are used in the analysis, the laboratory personnel must safely destroy them or clean/disinfect/sterilize appropriately, besides never leaving them around [17].