China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Coma and Disorders of Consciousness
Published in Alexander R. Toftness, Incredible Consequences of Brain Injury, 2023
The prognosis in disorders of consciousness can be predicted somewhat based on how the patient scored on the coma scale, with those receiving higher scores more likely to improve. However, improvement from disorders of consciousness is notoriously difficult to predict, with some patients making unpredicted recoveries while others suddenly deteriorate. When it comes to predicting whether someone in a coma will ever regain consciousness, uncertainty abounds.
Research is simple
Published in Jeremy Jolley, Introducing Research and Evidence-Based Practice for Nursing and Healthcare Professionals, 2020
People are often admitted to the emergency department after a head injury. But how should the practitioner assess the patient, how will it be determined how severe is the injury? Well, many years of experience will help answer this question, or access to someone with years of experience. However, research provides us with a better way; the Glasgow Coma Scale (McLernon, 2014) has been in use for many years and has been subject to many studies, some of which have caused it to be adapted, for example, to a prognostic indicator suitable for children. Practitioners use the Glasgow Coma Scale today as a quick and reliable means of assessing someone with a head injury. It is a useful tool, because if practitioners based their practice on experience alone, it might take them hundreds of years to learn what prognostic indicators could be used most effectively.
Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurocognitive Disorders
Published in Gail S. Anderson, Biological Influences on Criminal Behavior, 2019
Assessing the severity of a TBI often involves determining whether the person suffered a loss of consciousness (LOC) and if so, for how long. The Glasgow Coma Scale is often used to assess severity.2 It is used to asses a number of responses, including verbal, motor, and eye-opening, with scores ranging from 15 (best) down to below 8 (indicating coma) and 3 or less (unresponsive). Alternatively, the length of time that a person was unable to process new memories may also be used to rank severity.2
Immediate effect of standing and sit-to-stand training on postural vertical for backward disequilibrium following stroke: a case report
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2023
Kazuhiro Fukata, Kazu Amimoto, Masahide Inoue, Daisuke Sekine, Yuji Fujino, Shigeru Makita, Hidetoshi Takahashi
Assessment prior to the intervention outlined below was performed on the 10th day post stroke. His demographics and neurological functions are shown in Table 1. Neurological findings included the Glasgow Coma Scale scores: eye opening = 4; verbal response = 5; and motor response = 6. Motor assessment was performed using the stroke impairment assessment set (SIAS) (Tsuji et al., 2000). The participant presented no motor paralysis in either the upper or lower limbs. The SIAS-motor scores of the upper arm and forearm of both the left and right upper limbs and the hip, knee, and foot of the left and right lower limbs was 5, but mild to moderate sensory deficits on both the upper and lower limbs were observed. The SIAS-sensory scores of the left upper and lower limbs for touch and position was 1. The SIAS-sensory scores of the right upper limb and the hip, knee, and foot of the right lower limb for touch and position was 2. The participant had sensory ataxia in both upper and lower limbs. The muscle tone of the triceps surae and tibialis anterior muscle was assessed using the modified Ashworth scale; no abnormal muscle tone was observed at rest in the supine position.
Enteral combined with parenteral nutrition improves clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2022
Xiaomin Li, Yafeng Yang, Zheng Feei Ma, Shan Gao, Yuan Ning, Ling Zhao, Zhangya He, Xiaoqin Luo
All selected patients were screened for nutritional risk after being admitted to the hospital for emergency surgery. The NRS2002 score table was used, which mainly includes three parts: disease score, nutritional status score, and age score. Scores ≥3 points are used to indicate the presence of nutritional risks and the need for nutrition support treatment. The Glasgow Coma scale includes three aspects: eye-opened response, speech response, and body movement. The sum of the scores in the three aspects is the Coma index. Glasgow's Coma score is up to 15 points, indicating clear consciousness; 12–14 means mild disturbance of consciousness; 9–11 indicates moderate disturbance of consciousness; <8 points is coma. Overall, the lower the score, the greater the consciousness disturbance.
Knowledge of sex and gender and related information needs in patients with traumatic brain injury: in-depth interview study
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2021
Tatyana Mollayeva, Caterina Bordignon, Maryam Ishtiaq, Heather Colquhoun, Andrea D’Souza, Patrick Archambault, John Lewko, Enrico Quilico, Angela Colantonio
Recruitment was facilitated through a large rehabilitation research-teaching hospital in Canada and included patients with acute (i.e., ≤three months post-injury) and chronic (i.e., >three months post-injury) TBI enrolled in rehabilitation programs. Selection of participants involved a purposive (or theoretical) sampling strategy, which offered a degree of control for selection bias present within groups, ensuring that particular categories of cases are represented in the final sample of a project [22]. A total sample size of at least 40 patients with TBIs of various severities (10 participants (men and women) × 2 severity groups × 2 stages after the injury) was estimated to sufficiently facilitate theoretical saturation for a group of patients with TBI [23]. TBI severity was defined using Glasgow Come Scale score at the time of injury; moderate and severe TBIs were grouped together in accordance with the convention used in medical records at the recruitment site. If no Glasgow Coma Scale score was available, other means of determining severity, such as clinician diagnoses or neuroimaging results, were utilized.