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Retinoids in Other Skin Diseases
Published in Ayse Serap Karadag, Berna Aksoy, Lawrence Charles Parish, Retinoids in Dermatology, 2019
Uwe Wollina, Piotr Brzezinski, André Koch
Trachyonychia (rough nails) is characterized by brittle, thin nails, with excessive longitudinal ridging. On histology, spongiosis becomes evident (78). Case reports have been published on the use of daily oral acitretin 0.3 to 0.5 mg/kg alone or in combination with clobetasol or other topical corticosteroids with partial improvements after 2 months and further improvement during the following 10 months of treatment (79,80).
Psoriatic erythroderma
Published in Biju Vasudevan, Rajesh Verma, Dermatological Emergencies, 2019
In acute-onset erythroderma, early changes of psoriasis are visible on biopsy, such as very slight epidermal hyperplasia and focal parakeratosis. The spongiosis is minimal with or without the presence of neutrophils. Papillary dermis shows dilated capillaries that are vertically oriented. More evolved lesions show a prominent psoriasiform hyperplasia with confluent parakeratosis. The granular layer is absent, and there is thinning of the suprapapillary plates. Papillary dermal changes like dilated and tortuous capillaries are more prominent. The epidermal changes are more variable, but the papillary dermal changes are more consistent and reliable in erythroderma [17].
Basics of onychopathology
Published in Archana Singal, Shekhar Neema, Piyush Kumar, Nail Disorders, 2019
Pustular psoriasis frequently involves the nail, both in the localized form of Barber–Königsbeck, in the generalized form of von Zumbusch, and above all in acrodermatitis continua suppurativa of Hallopeau. The latter was once thought to be a different entity but is now accepted as being a variant of pustular psoriasis with insidious onset and recalcitrant course finally leading to complete nail destruction. Histopathologically, Reiter’s disease remains almost indistinguishable. Pustular psoriasis is characterized by the development of large spongiform pustules in the matrix and nail bed, often also in the periungual skin. These lakes of pus are seen as yellow spots under the nail plate. There is often considerable spongiosis. Particularly in acrodermatitis continua suppurativa, the nail becomes destroyed and a clinical diagnosis is difficult to be made. When a biopsy is taken at this time psoriatic alterations are still seen.
Clinical and histopathological characterization of eczematous eruptions occurring in course of anti IL-17 treatment: a case series and review of the literature
Published in Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2020
G. Caldarola, F. Pirro, A. Di Stefani, M. Talamonti, M. Galluzzo, S. D’Adamio, M. Magnano, N. Bernardini, P. Malagoli, F. Bardazzi, C. Potenza, L. Bianchi, K. Peris, C. De Simone
In our case series, 12/27 cases (in Table 2, patients nr 4, 5, 6, 7, 12, 14, 15,18, 21, 23, 25, 26) were histopathologically verified and tissue samples were retrieved for revision. All reviewed cases exhibited the presence of epidermal spongiosis. In 4 out of 12 cases, microscopic evaluation showed the prevalence of full thickness spongiosis with spongiotic vesicles, multiple foci of parakeratosis with fibrinous exudate, lymphocytic exocytosis in the epidermis (Figure 1b): these features were consistent with acute spongiotic dermatitis and were correlated with a clinical diagnosis of acute eczematous reaction. In 5 of 12 cases, histopathological revision disclosed the presence of irregular acanthosis with minimal spongiosis and focal parakeratosis, consistent with atopic dermatitis (Figure 2b): those cases were clinically classified as atopic dermatitis-like eruption. In 3 of 12, histopathological evaluation disclosed regular epidermal hyperplasia with papillomatosis, mild spongiosis, loss of granular layer, parakeratosis with Munro microabscesses and serum in stratum corneum, edema of papillary dermis with tortuous and dilated capillary (Figure 3B): these findings were consistent with a psoriasiform eczema and were clinically classified as psoriasiform eruption.
Evaluation of chamomile oil and nanoemulgels as a promising treatment option for atopic dermatitis induced in rats
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2020
Noha S. El-Salamouni, Mai M. Ali, Sherien A. Abdelhady, Lamia S. Kandil, Gihan A. Elbatouti, Ragwa M. Farid
Figure 5 represents the histopathological changes in skin tissues stained with H & E. Histopathological results revealed that skin tissue of the normal control group (N) showed normal epidermis thickness with normal prominent skin appendages in the dermis. Dermatitis in the positive control rats (P) showed many pathological changes in both epidermis and dermis layers such as spongiosis (dermal edema), acanthosis (thickening of epidermis), hyperkeratosis, and parakeratosis. Treatment of AD-induced rats by emulgels formulae X1, G1 or CM showed improvement in skin lesions compared with the positive control rats. Rats treated by CM showed presence of spongiosis in the dermis and thin epidermal layer. While, those treated by EM.X1 and EM.G1 showed prominent skin appendages that mimic the normal skin and no spongiosis was observed.
Pemphigoid gestationis: a case series and review of the literature
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2018
Stephanie Cohen, Lindsay C. Strowd, Rita O. Pichardo
Immunohistopathologic studies confirm the diagnosis of PG. Direct immunofluorescence of perilesional skin, using salt-split skin, is the gold standard which shows linear C3 deposition along the dermal-epidermal junction (9) in all cases and IgG deposits in some cases. Routine histology is also a fundamental part of the diagnosis showing a subepidermal vesicle with a perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate with numerous eosinophils. Eosinophils may appear at the dermoepidermal junction and in the blister cavity. Urticarial lesions show marked papillary dermal edema. Spongiosis and intercellular edema may be seen. Also ELISA and immunoblot techniques may be used to monitor antibody levels, they correlate with disease activity.