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Wound Healing, Ulcers, and Scars
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Saloni Shah, Christian Albornoz, Sherry Yang
Clinical presentation: Lesions often worsen or develop at the site of skin trauma. The underlying pathophysiology is believed to be due to uncontrolled neutrophilic inflammation (Figure 17.4). Approximately 50% of patients will have associated systemic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and hematologic conditions.
Managing pediatric psoriasis: update on treatments and challenges—a review
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
A. A. Hebert, J. Browning, P. C. Kwong, A. M. Duarte, H. N. Price, E. Siegfried
Signs and symptoms of PsO develop in about one-third of affected adults before the age of 20 years, with an estimated prevalence of approximately 2% in children in the United States and Europe (15). Identified triggers include minor skin trauma, pharyngeal group A streptococcal carriage (16), and cutaneous colonization with Malassezia (17). In infants, predilection sites are the scalp, face, and diaper area; involvement of the elbows and knees is more frequent in adolescents, possibly due to friction (4,18,19). Ear canal PsO may be an isolated finding exacerbated by debridement (20). A sudden-onset guttate pattern is classically associated with streptococcal carriage (21,22) and can be a predictor of more severe disease (18). In some cases, a trial of antibiotics can yield improvement (18) and tonsillectomy can result in remission (23), although the evidence for antistreptococcal interventions being effective for guttate and chronic plaque PsO is low (24).
Targeting of keloid with TRAIL and TRAIL-R2/DR5
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2021
Pengfei Sun, Zhensheng Hu, Bo Pan, Xiaosheng Lu
Keloid is formed by skin trauma or pathological overgrowth of skin fibroblasts (1). Its characteristics include continuous growth in the range of proliferation, appearance higher than the normal skin surface, causing pain and itching feeling, and so on (2). Keloid is a common and frequently-occurring disease in plastic surgery. And it is also a refractory disease with extremely difficult clinical treatment. Like tumor diseases, it has the characteristics of treatment resistance and high recurrence rate after treatment (3–7). At present, clinicians regard keloid as a benign skin tumor limited to the skin surface (8–10). However, the pathogenesis of keloid and tumor is similar, including p53, Fas gene mutation or oncogene activation (11–14). The clinical treatment of keloid, such as drug injection treatment, surgical resection, cryotherapy, laser treatment and other therapeutic effects are poor (15–17). In recent years, it has been found that the formation of keloid is related to the imbalance of apoptosis of fibroblasts in scar and TRAIL can mediated apoptosis of fibroblasts (18,19). Therefore, the use of TRAIL and its receptors in the treatment of keloid has become a hot research topic.
Fatal renal mucormycosis with Apophysomyces elegans in an apparently healthy male
Published in The Aging Male, 2020
Sameera Rashid, Fatma Ben Abid, Shafiq Babu, Martin Christner, Abdulqadir Alobaidly, Abdulla Ali Asad Al Ansari, Mohammed Akhtar
Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection caused by a group of molds called mucormycetes. These molds are ubiquitous in the environment and mainly affect people with weakened immune systems. For instance, in the United States the annual incidence of mucormycosis has been estimated around 1.7 infections per million populations; approximately 500 cases per year [1]. The most common predisposing factors for mucormycosis are HIV/AIDS, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, cancers, chronic kidney disease, malnutrition, organ transplant, long term corticosteroid, and immunosuppressive therapy [2]. However, there have been cases of mucormycosis reported in healthy individuals with no apparent predisposing factors. Apophysomyces elegans is a subspecies of zygomycetes mostly reported in immunocompetent patients with skin trauma [2,3]. We report a case of a healthy Indian male who developed an invasive mucormycosis of the left kidney and died with disseminated fungal infection.