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Principles of Clinical Diagnosis
Published in Susan Bayliss Mallory, Alanna Bree, Peggy Chern, Illustrated Manual of Pediatric Dermatology, 2005
Susan Bayliss Mallory, Alanna Bree, Peggy Chern
Develops >2 years of age Cutaneous findings: rhagades, gummataExtracutaneous findings:NeurosyphilisInterstitial keratitisSensorineural hearing lossBony changes (saddle nose, frontal bossing, saber shins, syphilitic arthritis, Clutton joints (effusions of the knees),
Allergic Contact Dermatitis from Rubber and Plastic Gloves
Published in Robert N. Phalen, Howard I. Maibach, Protective Gloves for Occupational Use, 2023
Polymer gloves typically cause skin signs and symptoms corresponding to glove contours, on dorsal hands, but sometimes also on the palms near the thumbs, on both sides of the wrists, and on the forearms. The border of dermatitis on the mid-arm, corresponding to the upper border of the glove, is often abrupt. Dermatitis may first appear as a few small papules on the fingers and then extend to the whole dorsal hand. The symptoms may include swelling, intense redness, vesicles or even blisters, scaling or rhagades, itching, and a stinging or burning sensation depending on the stage and duration of dermatitis (Figure 14.1). Another typical manifestation is diffuse or patchy eczema on the dorsal hands and the forearms, not extending over the whole glove area. Forearms, the face, and also larger areas may be involved in more severe rubber glove dermatitis. Sometimes the face can be more affected than the hands (Figure 14.2). When rubber allergy superimposes other types of dermatoses, the appearance may not differ much from that of the prevailing dermatosis. Sensitization of glove material may also be the cause of the worsening of a patient's dermatosis when a rubber-allergic patient is treated locally, and the nurse wears rubber gloves.4,43,77,92 Rare manifestations connected with rubber allergy include localized leukoderma, purpuric, lichenoid, and erythema-multiforme-like dermatoses. The lesions may be located on the back of the hands and forearms related to the use of gloves.93 Depigmented lesions occur rarely nowadays.94
The British School
Published in Scott M. Jackson, Skin Disease and the History of Dermatology, 2023
Willan was the first to accurately describe psoriasis as we know it today, under the term lepra vulgaris: “characterized by scaly patches, of different sizes, but having nearly a circular form” and which “sometimes appears first at the elbow, or on the forearm, but more generally about the knee.”34 “Willan's lepra” is the condition we today call chronic plaque psoriasis. In the section that followed, under the heading Psoriasis, Willan listed 11 types of “scaly tetters” that are the variants of today's psoriasis, including guttate, nail, and erythrodermic forms of psoriasis. Thus, “psoriasis,” derived from the Greek word psora, which meant any itchy skin condition, and unused since the writings of Galen, entered the nomenclature of the budding field of dermatology as the specific term for what we today know to be psoriasis: I think it also necessary, in the present series of them, to express the scaly Psora by a distinctive appellation: for this purpose, the term Psoriasis, which the Greek writers themselves employ, seems in all respects, suitable. The disease to be thus entitled is characterized by a roughness and scaliness of the surface, sometimes continuous, sometimes in separate patches, of various sizes, but of an irregular figure, and for the most part accompanied with rhagades, or fissures in the skin. From the Lepra, it may be distinguished not only by the different form, and distribution of the patches as formerly stated from the Greek writers, but also by its cessation and recurrence at certain seasons of the year, and by the disorder of the constitution with which it is usually attended.35
Characterization of dry skin associating with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a KK-Ay/TaJcl mouse model
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2018
Hidehisa Sekijima, Kenji Goto, Keiichi Hiramoto, Rio Komori, Kazuya Ooi
Sakai et al.16 previously reported in a clinical study of patients with type 1 and 2 DM that hydration levels of the stratum corneum were significantly lower in hyperglycemic groups compared to hypoglycemic groups. In addition, Sakai et al.17 found during an in vivo study with a type 1 DM mouse model that intradermal triglyceride levels were lower in DM mice compared to control mice. These findings suggest that the dry skin that often occurs in patients with type 1 DM may be due to changes in the sebum barrier of the skin surface. Chronic dry skin can also lead to rhagades in the skin surface, providing ideal conditions for pathogenic microorganisms to invade the skin18,19. Dry skin is, therefore, believed to be linked to the development of DM-associated cutaneous infections in patients with type 1 DM. However, the dry skin phenotype presented by patients with type 2 DM is poorly characterized. Better understanding of this dermatological condition will contribute to preventing DM-associated cutaneous infections in patients with this type of diabetes.
Skin problems related to personal protective equipment among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic (online research)
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2021
The most commonly encountered dermatologic signs were erythema, dryness, acne, ulcer, hyperhidrosis, desquamation, nasal discharge, and lichenification, respectively. Symptoms were pruritus, sensitivity, burning sensation, pain, soreness, and tingling. Lan et al. declared that dryness/tightness and desquamation were the most commonly seen dermatologic signs and symptoms22. Pei et al. reported that the most encountered lesions were erythema, blisters, rhagades, papule/edema, exudation/crust, and lichenification19. In their study, Lin et al. declared that respondents had dryness or scales (68.6%), papules or erythema (60.4%), and maceration (52.9%)17.
Anti-MDA5 positive dermatomyositis complicated with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease – a case report
Published in Acta Clinica Belgica, 2018
Eva De Backer, Félix Gremonprez, Guy Brusselle, Pieter Depuydt, Jo Van Dorpe, Carole Van Haverbeke, Pieter C Goeminne, Eric Derom
Anti-MDA5 autoantibodies have been associated with a more severe cutaneous vasculopathy with skin ulcerations and tender palmar papules, next to the hallmark skin changes of dermatomyositis (e.g. Gottron’s papules, heliotrope eruption photosensitivity, shawl or ‘V’ sign, mechanic’s hands…) [11]. These skin ulcerations are mainly described on the Gottron’s papules and digital pulps, but can occur in other sites such as the ears [3,11]. Our case patient presented with Gottron’s papules, roughening of the skin with rhagades on the tips and sides of the fingers (mechanic’s hands) and an ulcer on the left ear.