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Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Aarthy K. Uthayakumar, Christopher B. Bunker
Congenital syphilis occurs due to transplacental transmission or at delivery. During pregnancy, it can lead to fetal loss or stillbirth, prematurity, neurologic impairment including deafness, and bone and dental deformities (Hutchinson’s teeth, Mulberry molars). Mucous membrane involvement with syphilis rhinitis, described as “snuffles,” is common and manifests as profuse nasal discharge containing a high concentration of T. pallidum. Cutaneous manifestations are similar to those seen in secondary syphilis.
Syphilis
Published in Shiv Shanker Pareek, The Pictorial Atlas of Common Genito-Urinary Medicine, 2018
Severe lesions from early congenital syphilis may leave long-term scarring called stigmata, which may cause deformity. Saddle nose (the bridge of the nose is absent).Hutchinson’s teeth – deformed and notched incisors (Fig. 2.34) (in permanent teeth); first described in 1858 by Jonathan Hutchinson (1828–1913), and part of ‘Hutchinson’s triad’.
The birth of modern surgery – from Lister to the 20th century
Published in Harold Ellis, Sala Abdalla, A History of Surgery, 2018
Sir Jonathan Hutchinson, surgeon at the London Hospital, was a remarkable clinical observer. He described the stigmata of congenital syphilis, which included the peg-top incisor teeth (Hutchinson’s teeth), and he described the increasing dilatation of the pupil in cases of extradural haemorrhage (Hutchinson’s pupils), the mask-like facial appearance of tabes dorsalis (Hutchinson’s facies) and half a dozen dermatological conditions. He published ten volumes of Archives of Surgery between 1889 and 1900, the entire contents of which were written by him. In the volume published in 1891 is a remarkable report and illustration of identical twin sisters aged nine, who, at the age of three, had developed identical black pigment spots on their lips and inside the mouth (Figure 8.18).
Great clinical variability of Nance Horan syndrome due to deleterious NHS mutations in two unrelated Spanish families
Published in Ophthalmic Genetics, 2019
V. Hernández, I. Pascual-Camps, M. J. Aparisi, M. Martínez-Matilla, F. Martínez, J. A Cerón, L. Pedrola
The major clinical manifestations of NHS include congenital cataracts, dentition abnormalities, characteristic facial features and, in some cases, intellectual disability (7). In affected males, the main clinical feature is the presence of bilateral congenital cataracts, which can be defined as any opacity or cloudiness of the crystalline lens, causing total or partial blindness. Other ocular abnormalities, such as microcornea, nystagmus and strabismus, may be present in some cases (7). This syndrome is also characterized by numerous dental abnormalities. The incisor teeth may be screwdriver-shaped or have an appearance reminiscent of the Hutchinson’s teeth in congenital syphilis. In addition, certain facial features can be expressed, such as a long, narrow face, and prominent ears and nose (7).